Cardiac titin isoforms: Practice in interpreting results of electrophoretic analysis

IF 4.3 3区生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Methods Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-22 DOI:10.1016/j.ymeth.2025.02.007

Elmira I. Yakupova , Polina A. Abramicheva , Vadim V. Rogachevsky , Elena A. Shishkova , Alexey D. Bocharnikov , Egor Y. Plotnikov , Ivan M. Vikhlyantsev

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Abstract

The sarcomeric giant protein titin affects the passive elasticity of the heart muscle and is crucial for proper cardiac function, including diastolic relaxation of the left ventricle. A useful common method for studying titin is electrophoretic analysis which can be used to examine the distribution of its isoforms in the heart. There are 5 titin parameters that can be analyzed: the N2BA/N2B isoforms ratio, the T2/T1 bands ratio, Cronos isoform content, NT isoform content, the total titin-to-myosin heavy chain (TT/MHC) ratio. These parameters can only be assessed through electrophoresis of giant proteins. It is known that these parameters are related to various biomolecular processes in muscle cells, such as providing of elastic properties, turnover, contraction, and maintaining a highly ordered sarcomere structure. In this review, we discuss the diagnostic potential of electrophoretic visualization of cardiac titin changes in various human heart diseases and animal models of physiological adaptations or pathologies.

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心脏titin异构体：解释电泳分析结果的实践。

肌合成巨蛋白titin影响心肌的被动弹性，对正常的心脏功能至关重要，包括左心室舒张舒张。电泳分析是研究titin的一种常用方法，可用于检查其在心脏中同种异构体的分布。可分析的titin参数有5个：N2BA/N2B异构体比值、T2/T1带比值、Cronos异构体含量、NT异构体含量、总titin与肌球蛋白重链（TT/MHC）比值。这些参数只能通过巨蛋白电泳来评估。众所周知，这些参数与肌肉细胞中的各种生物分子过程有关，例如提供弹性特性、周转、收缩和维持高度有序的肌节结构。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了心脏titin变化的电泳可视化在各种人类心脏疾病和生理适应或病理动物模型中的诊断潜力。

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来源期刊

Methods 生物-生化研究方法

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

2.10%

发文量

222

审稿时长

11.3 weeks

期刊介绍： Methods focuses on rapidly developing techniques in the experimental biological and medical sciences. Each topical issue, organized by a guest editor who is an expert in the area covered, consists solely of invited quality articles by specialist authors, many of them reviews. Issues are devoted to specific technical approaches with emphasis on clear detailed descriptions of protocols that allow them to be reproduced easily. The background information provided enables researchers to understand the principles underlying the methods; other helpful sections include comparisons of alternative methods giving the advantages and disadvantages of particular methods, guidance on avoiding potential pitfalls, and suggestions for troubleshooting.