Obesity induces systemic insulin resistance via endothelium-specific insulin receptor inhibition

IF 40 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI:10.1038/s41574-025-01097-w
Olivia Tysoe
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肥胖通过内皮特异性胰岛素受体抑制诱导全身胰岛素抵抗
胰岛素抵抗是肥胖相关2型糖尿病(T2DM)发病和进展的关键因素。胰岛素受体在内皮细胞中表达,胰岛素作用于血管,增加血液流向代谢组织。与健康人相比,T2DM患者的内皮胰岛素抵抗已经有所降低,但这种胰岛素抵抗的机制及其对T2DM发展的贡献尚不清楚。现在,《科学》杂志上的一篇论文已经确定,在肥胖的情况下,肽激素肾上腺髓质素在诱导血管胰岛素抵抗中起作用。肾上腺髓质素被发现抑制胰岛素信号传导,从而阻止胰岛素诱导的eNOS磷酸化,这一过程导致血管舒张。在健康状况下,这种血管扩张增加了骨骼肌、脂肪组织和肝脏等代谢组织的血液灌注,从而增加了氧气和营养物质的输送。胰岛素信号的抑制是由G蛋白亚基Gαs和蛋白激酶A (PKA)介导的,PKA通过胰岛素受体去磷酸化增加了胰岛素敏感性的关键调节因子PTP1B的活性。肾上腺髓质素的敲除、Gαs的敲除或PKA的化学抑制均导致胰岛素受体磷酸化增加,随后胰岛素信号传导增加。
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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Nature Reviews Endocrinology 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
42.00
自引率
0.70%
发文量
158
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Endocrinology aspires to be the foremost platform for reviews and commentaries catering to the scientific communities it serves. The journal aims to publish articles characterized by authority, accessibility, and clarity, enhanced with easily understandable figures, tables, and other visual aids. The goal is to offer an unparalleled service to authors, referees, and readers, striving to maximize the usefulness and impact of each article. Nature Reviews Endocrinology publishes Research Highlights, Comments, News & Views, Reviews, Consensus Statements, and Perspectives relevant to researchers and clinicians in the fields of endocrinology and metabolism. Its broad scope ensures that the work it publishes reaches the widest possible audience.
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