Bromelain Protects Against PTZ-Induced Glial Damage and Inflammation: An In Vitro and In Silico Study

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI:10.1007/s12013-025-01703-8

Ziad Joha, Neslihan Başgöz, Aykut Özgür, Ahmet Şevki Taşkıran

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Abstract

This study aimed to investigate how bromelain protects glial cells from pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced damage, focusing on its anti-inflammatory effects. C6 glioma cells were treated with PTZ, bromelain, or a combination of PTZ and bromelain. The interactions of bromelain with iNOS (Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase) and COX2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) were investigated using molecular docking calculations. Cell viability was measured using the XTT (Methoxynitrosulfophenyl-Tetrazolium Carboxanilide) assay. iNOS, NO (Nitric Oxide), and COX2 levels were assessed using ELISA and immunofluorescence staining. Bromelain at 50 and 100 µg/mL significantly increased cell viability (p < 0.001). On the other hand, bromelain at 50 µg/mL reduced inflammation, as indicated by lower levels of NO, iNOS, and COX2 (p < 0.001). In-silico predictions suggest that bromelain can effectively target iNOS and COX2, key inflammatory proteins. These findings indicate that bromelain protects glial cells by exerting anti-inflammatory effects. However, further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms fully.

Graphical Abstract

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菠萝蛋白酶保护ptz诱导的神经胶质损伤和炎症：体外和计算机研究。

本研究旨在探讨菠萝蛋白酶如何保护神经胶质细胞免受戊四唑（PTZ）诱导的损伤，重点研究其抗炎作用。用PTZ、菠萝蛋白酶或PTZ和菠萝蛋白酶联合治疗C6胶质瘤细胞。利用分子对接计算研究了菠萝蛋白酶与诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和环氧合酶-2 （COX2）的相互作用。细胞活力测定采用XTT（甲氧基硝基磺苯四唑羧苯胺）法。采用ELISA和免疫荧光染色法检测iNOS、NO（一氧化氮）和COX2水平。50和100µg/mL菠萝蛋白酶显著提高细胞活力(p

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来源期刊

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics (CBB) aims to publish papers on the nature of the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms underlying the structure, control and function of cellular systems The reports should be within the framework of modern biochemistry and chemistry, biophysics and cell physiology, physics and engineering, molecular and structural biology. The relationship between molecular structure and function under investigation is emphasized. Examples of subject areas that CBB publishes are: · biochemical and biophysical aspects of cell structure and function; · interactions of cells and their molecular/macromolecular constituents; · innovative developments in genetic and biomolecular engineering; · computer-based analysis of tissues, cells, cell networks, organelles, and molecular/macromolecular assemblies; · photometric, spectroscopic, microscopic, mechanical, and electrical methodologies/techniques in analytical cytology, cytometry and innovative instrument design For articles that focus on computational aspects, authors should be clear about which docking and molecular dynamics algorithms or software packages are being used as well as details on the system parameterization, simulations conditions etc. In addition, docking calculations (virtual screening, QSAR, etc.) should be validated either by experimental studies or one or more reliable theoretical cross-validation methods.