Improving energy density and efficiency in antiferroelectric-based multilayer ceramic capacitors via composition design engineering

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.276

Zhanming Dou , Wei Wang , Yangyang Zhang , Gengguang Luo , Lin Zhou , Changyuan Wang , Kanghua Li , Shenglin Jiang , Ying Yang

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Abstract

Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O₃-based antiferroelectrics (AFEs) display good application potential in pulse power capacitors because of their large maximum polarization (P_max) and electric-field-induced AFE-ferroelectric (FE) phase transition characteristics. However, high remanent polarization (P_r), low electric breakdown strength (E_b), and large hysteresis loss limit the energy storage performance (ESP). To address this issue, La³⁺ ions with a smaller ionic radius and higher valence than Pb²⁺ ions were doped into the (Pb_0.96-1.5xBa_0.04La_x)(Zr_0.65Sn_0.3Ti_0.05)O₃ (PBLZST) AFE ceramics in this work. This doping successfully led to a higher AFE-FE phase transition electric field and E_b, which is attributed to the increased stability of the AFE phase, as well as the reduction in grain size and electric conductivity. Additionally, the increased relaxor behavior results in slimmer hysteresis loops, leading to a significant improvement in the recoverable energy density (W_rec) and energy efficiency (η). The optimal ESP is obtained in the (Pb_0.885Ba_0.04La_0.05)(Zr_0.65Sn_0.3Ti_0.05)O₃ AFE ceramics, which simultaneously exhibits a high W_rec of 3.652 J cm⁻³ and a high η of 87.1%. To further improve the ESP, the multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) were fabricated, achieving a high E_b of 470 kV cm⁻¹ with low hysteresis due to the structural modification. Ultimately, the MLCCs display a high W_rec of 7.294 J cm⁻³ and an ultrahigh η of 95.0%. This study presents a novel approach to developing high-performance dielectric capacitors through composition and structural design.

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通过成分设计工程提高反铁电多层陶瓷电容器的能量密度和效率

基于Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti) o3的反铁电体（AFEs）具有较大的最大极化（Pmax）和电场诱导的FE-铁电（FE）相变特性，在脉冲功率电容器中具有良好的应用潜力。然而，高剩余极化（Pr）、低击穿强度（Eb）和大迟滞损耗限制了储能性能（ESP）。为了解决这一问题，本研究将离子半径小于Pb2+、价态高于Pb2+的La3+离子掺入（Pb0.96-1.5xBa0.04Lax）（Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05）O3 (PBLZST) AFE陶瓷中。这种掺杂成功地导致了更高的AFE- fe相变电场和Eb，这是由于AFE相的稳定性增加，以及晶粒尺寸和电导率的减小。此外，增加的弛豫行为导致了更细的磁滞回线，从而显著提高了可恢复能量密度（Wrec）和能量效率（η）。在（Pb0.885Ba0.04La0.05）（Zr0.65Sn0.3Ti0.05）O3 AFE陶瓷中获得了最佳ESP，同时具有3.652 J cm−3的高Wrec和87.1%的高η。为了进一步提高电潜泵性能，制备了多层陶瓷电容器（mlcc），通过结构改进实现了470 kV cm−1的高Eb和低迟滞。最终，mlcc的η值高达7.294 J cm−3，η值高达95.0%。本研究从组成和结构设计两方面提出了一种开发高性能介质电容器的新方法。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.