Tuning of the structural, and dielectric properties of Ho3+ substituted in Ba2CoZnFe12 − xHoxO22 Y-type hexaferrite

Abstract

The Y-type hexaferrite Ba₂CoZnFe_12 − xHo_xO₂₂ at x = 0.0, 0.025, 0.050, 0,075, and 0.1 was synthesized by using sol-gel auto-combustion method. The physical and dielectric characteristics of all hexagonal ferrites were investigated. Through XRD analysis the single-phase hexagonal structure without any impurities was identified. The crystallite size ranges from 39.27 nm to 56.11 nm. The production of the Y-type hexaferrites was confirmed by the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) study. Various dielectric parameters were evaluated at room temperature from 1 GHz to 6 GHz. These included dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC conductivity, Quality Factor, Impedance, and Cole-Cole parameters. Ho-doped Y-type hexagonal ferrites’ conduction process was evaluated using Cole-Cole analysis. Until a certain point, holmium-substituted Y-type hexaferrites showed constant trends with frequency; after that, resonance-like behavior was seen. The dielectric properties of all hexaferrites initially decreased with frequency, followed by a nearly constant phase, and subsequently resonance-like behavior. As the Holmium content rose, the dielectric parameters initially dropped, but they eventually rose to the maximum substitution level. The dielectric experiments showed that all of the samples were insulators and that the AC conductivity dropped as the holmium concentration increased. Additionally, for a constant bias voltage supplied, the real component of the dielectric constant demonstrated a considerable reduction with increasing frequency. Ho-doped Y-type hexa ferrite at x = 0.025,0.050 and 0.1 was found to have the most promising properties for high-frequency applications because of their crystallite size.