Sociodemographic Factors and Resilience in COVID-19 Vaccine Doses in the Spanish Population

IF 2.3 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI:10.1155/jts5/9550689

Mar Alcolea-Álvarez, Natalia Solano-Pinto, Raquel Fernández-Cézar, Cristina Pozo-Bardera

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Abstract

Introduction: The pandemic has caused an indisputable level of global suffering, with drastic changes in the daily lives of citizens.

Aim: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics and degree of resilience in a sample of COVID-19 vaccine acceptors versus a sample of vaccine refusers.

Method: A descriptive design was used. The sample comprised 793 women and 207 men (n = 1.000; age 18–79 [mean = 40.43]). The study variables were sociodemographic variables; work-related variables, such as working or not in a health centre; loss of loved ones in the health crisis; levels of resilience; and pro-vaccine beliefs. The instruments used were the Resilience Scale and a set of ad hoc questions created to obtain specific information on beliefs regarding the vaccine and sociodemographic factors.

Results: Individuals with low resilience (92%–98%) and those with high resilience (87%–92%) chose to be vaccinated two or more times. The distribution of variables with the highest frequency of vaccination was in participants over 50 years, with no difference between the genders. A higher vaccination rate has been observed in medium-sized cities (more than 90% who have decided to get vaccinated (two or more vaccines). The highest scores in the acceptance of vaccination are related to belief in the obligation of mass vaccination and working in a health centre (both workers with low and high resilience, more than 95% have received two or more vaccines).

Conclusions: Great sociodemographic variability was shown in the distribution of vaccines and the importance of analysing the cognitive variables involved in the acceptance of vaccines to increase the population’s adherence to vaccination campaigns. Beliefs regarding vaccination were seen as an indispensable element when considering raising the population’s awareness of vaccination. The global priority must be develop strategies that increase the credibility of health policies, with rigorous and scientific information to increase vaccination.

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