Bimodality in life satisfaction: The role of social support in individuals with long COVID

IF 3.3 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Disability and Health Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1016/j.dhjo.2025.101813

Jina Chun , Joonbum Lee , Katelyn Matkin , Constance Richard , Uzma Khan , Susan Smedema

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Abstract

Background

Long COVID, characterized by persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection, poses substantial challenges to individuals’ physical and mental health, yet its impact on life satisfaction remains underexplored.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate variations in life satisfaction among individuals with Long COVID and identify associated predictors using a mixture model approach.

Methods

Participants (N = 212) were recruited via Prolific and completed surveys assessing life satisfaction, stress, resilience, social support, and hope. A mixture model analysis categorized participants into two clusters based on the relationship between life satisfaction and contributing factors (e.g., social support).

Results

Cluster 1 (n = 153) exhibited lower life satisfaction scores, while Cluster 2 (n = 59) reported higher scores. Social support emerged as a significant predictor of life satisfaction in Cluster 2 (p < .001), with correlations indicating its positive association with life satisfaction and negative association with stress levels. However, social support was not significantly associated with life satisfaction in Cluster 1.

Conclusions

The findings highlighted the heterogeneous nature of life satisfaction among individuals with Long COVID. Social support, particularly from family and friends, was identified as a critical factor influencing well-being outcomes. Tailored interventions focusing on enhancing social support networks could mitigate the adverse impacts of Long COVID and improve overall quality of life for individuals with Long COVID.

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生活满意度的双峰性：社会支持在长冠状病毒感染者中的作用。

背景：长冠状病毒感染后症状持续，对个体身心健康构成重大挑战，但对生活满意度的影响尚未得到充分探讨。目的：本研究旨在利用混合模型方法研究长冠肺炎患者生活满意度的变化，并确定相关的预测因素。方法：通过对生活满意度、压力、恢复力、社会支持和希望进行问卷调查，招募了212名参与者。混合模型分析根据生活满意度和贡献因素（如社会支持）之间的关系将参与者分为两类。结果：聚类1 （n = 153）的生活满意度较低，聚类2 （n = 59）的生活满意度较高。社会支持在第2类中成为生活满意度的重要预测因子(p)。结论：研究结果强调了长COVID个体生活满意度的异质性。社会支持，特别是来自家庭和朋友的支持，被认为是影响幸福结果的关键因素。注重加强社会支持网络的量身定制的干预措施可以减轻长期COVID的不利影响，并改善长期COVID患者的整体生活质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Disability and Health Journal HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

6.70%

发文量

134

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Disability and Health Journal is a scientific, scholarly, and multidisciplinary journal for reporting original contributions that advance knowledge in disability and health. Topics may be related to global health, quality of life, and specific health conditions as they relate to disability. Such contributions include: • Reports of empirical research on the characteristics of persons with disabilities, environment, health outcomes, and determinants of health • Reports of empirical research on the Systematic or other evidence-based reviews and tightly conceived theoretical interpretations of research literature • Reports of empirical research on the Evaluative research on new interventions, technologies, and programs • Reports of empirical research on the Reports on issues or policies affecting the health and/or quality of life for persons with disabilities, using a scientific base.