NanoFlora: Unveiling the therapeutic potential of Ipomoea aquatica nanoparticles

Abstract

Introduction

Improving the pharmacokinetics of drugs is achieved through nano formulations and the role of natural product in the synthesis of nanomaterials is gaining prominence due to its eco-friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, and demonstrated efficacy. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) derived from Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal have been synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties towards enhancing the anticancer activity of the plant extracts.

Methodology

Hydroalcoholic extract was obtained from the entire Ipomoea aquatica plant and utilized as a key ingredient in the green synthesis of metal NPs. The characterization of the synthesized NPs involved UV/visible and FT-IR spectroscopic analyses, along with particle size determination using Zetasizer technology. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH radical scavenging assays, while antidiabetic potential was evaluated via alpha-amylase inhibitory activity using HPTLC bioautography.

Results

The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was confirmed by a color change from light brown to dark brown. UV–VIS spectrum analysis showed strong absorbance between 380 and 400 nm, with a peak at 428 nm, indicating successful synthesis via bioreduction by Ipomoea aquatica extract. FT-IR spectra revealed phytochemicals like flavonoids and proteins, with shifts in peak positions confirming AgNP formation. DLS showed an average particle size of 36.27 nm, and TEM images confirmed spherical morphology. The AgNPs exhibited significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, outperforming standards such as ascorbic acid and Glibenclamide. Toxicity prediction identified the extract as slightly toxic, guiding safe dose administration.

Conclusion

The study underscores the potential of plant-based nanoparticles in scavenging free radicals and supporting cytotoxicity, thus hinting at their potential role in cancer therapy. Moreover, the nanoparticles derived from Ipomoea aquatica exhibit promising antioxidant and antidiabetic activities compared to the crude plant extract. This research paves the way for further exploration of Ipomoea aquatica nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic intervention for various diseases.