Cadmium removal from aqueous solutions using olive stone activated carbon

IF 4.2 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Results in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102137

Karam Haddad , Mohammad Ghafer , Hana Salman , Hossam El-Rakkad

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Abstract

Activated Carbon (AC) was made from olive stone (OS), which is the basic material in olive industry wastes, by chemical treatment using phosphoric acid H₃PO₄ at 80 % concentration, then a heat treatment at 500 °C for two hours. Olive stone activated carbon (OSAC) was used as an adsorbent to remove Cadmium from aqueous solutions. The morphological and functional groups of the OSAC were determined by SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis. The optimal conditions for the removal process were studied, and the results showed that the conditions required to reach the highest removal capacity are as follows: contact time of 180 min, particle size of ds ≤ 100 μm, solution pH of 6–7 and OSAC concentration of 0.1 g per 25 mL. The results showed that the adsorption in this study follows the Freundlich model with the correlation coefficient (R² = 0.9943) with maximum removal efficiency (91.6 %), which indicates that the adsorption is competitive and the effective sites are not equal in adsorption capacity.

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橄榄石活性炭去除水溶液中的镉

以橄榄工业废弃物中的基础原料橄榄石（OS）为原料，采用80%浓度的磷酸H3PO4进行化学处理，然后在500℃条件下热处理2小时，制成活性炭（AC）。采用橄榄石活性炭（OSAC）作为吸附剂去除水中镉。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）和红外光谱（FTIR）等分析方法对OSAC的形态和官能团进行了表征。研究了去除工艺的最佳条件，结果表明，达到最高去除率所需的条件如下：接触时间为180 min，粒径为ds≤100 μm，溶液pH为6 ~ 7，OSAC浓度为0.1 g / 25 mL。结果表明，本研究的吸附符合Freundlich模型，相关系数（R2 = 0.9943）最大去除效率为91.6%，说明吸附是竞争的，有效位的吸附量不相等。

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