Group-based parenting programs implementation and facilitators’ perspectives: A systematic review and thematic synthesis

Abstract

The facilitators, person who delivers parenting programs, plays a central role in the implementation process. The present study aimed to systematically review the recent literature and analyze empirical articles examining facilitators’ perceptions, opinions, or behaviors related to the implementation and effectiveness of parenting programs. A search was performed in databases, including qualitative and quantitative empirical studies of group-based parenting programs for children’s caregivers, with facilitators included in the study sample. Twenty-six studies were reviewed. The results of the facilitators’ perspectives on parenting programs were summarized according to a thematic synthesis into three topics divided into sub-themes: program implementation (seven sub-themes: participants’ recruitment, engagement, and adherence; parents’ needs and flexibility; program content and strategies; organizational support; fidelity; feasibility; and adaptations; facilitators (three subthemes: changes in facilitators’ professional practice, training and supervision, and facilitators’ role, attitudes, and relationship with the participant); caregiver (two subthemes: benefits for parents and relationship among participants). The current systematic mixed methods review adds relevant information about the implementation process of parenting programs, highlighting the parameters of the programs’ quality and the facilitators‘ perspectives that could impact the effectiveness of interventions. Key recommendations for enhancing the parenting program implementation depend on various aspects, including the role of facilitators, who are crucial in managing participant engagement, ensuring program fidelity, and adapting content. Additionally, providing comprehensive training and support for facilitators and organizational support are crucial. In conclusion, these programs can offer benefits not only to parents and caregivers but also to the overall facilitators’ practice.