Pub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108292
E.H.J. Doelman , M.P.C.M. Luijk , M.H.M. de Moor , F.C.P. van der Horst , M.J. Steketee
The current study aimed to examine the within-family longitudinal associations between family violence, parental stress, and child post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in families involved in the Dutch child protection system. Specifically, differences in within-family longitudinal associations between families receiving mandatory and voluntary child protection services (CPS) were investigated using multi-group Random Intercept Cross Lagged Panel Models. A total of N = 1015 parents (N = 331 mandatory CPS; N = 684 voluntary CPS) reported on the frequency of family violence, the level of parental stress, and child PTS symptoms at three timepoints over the course of 1.5 years using validated questionnaires. The results showed that within-family changes in family violence, parental stress, and child PTS symptoms were not related over time, except parental stress at the second wave predicted child PTS symptoms half a year later. However, this cross-paths disappeared when adding covariates to the model. On the between-family level, the associations between the random intercepts of family violence and parental stress, and parental stress and child PTS symptoms were significant, indicating that changes primarily occur on the between-family level and are mainly cross-sectional. No differences were found between families receiving mandatory and voluntary CPS. Intra-familial change might be more complex and might occur at a different pace than hypothesized in this study.
{"title":"Dynamics of family violence in mandatory and voluntary child protection support systems: A longitudinal within-family design","authors":"E.H.J. Doelman , M.P.C.M. Luijk , M.H.M. de Moor , F.C.P. van der Horst , M.J. Steketee","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study aimed to examine the within-family longitudinal associations between family violence, parental stress, and child post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in families involved in the Dutch child protection system. Specifically, differences in within-family longitudinal associations between families receiving mandatory and voluntary child protection services (CPS) were investigated using multi-group Random Intercept Cross Lagged Panel Models. A total of <em>N</em> = 1015 parents (<em>N</em> = 331 mandatory CPS; <em>N</em> = 684 voluntary CPS) reported on the frequency of family violence, the level of parental stress, and child PTS symptoms at three timepoints over the course of 1.5 years using validated questionnaires. The results showed that within-family changes in family violence, parental stress, and child PTS symptoms were not related over time, except parental stress at the second wave predicted child PTS symptoms half a year later. However, this cross-paths disappeared when adding covariates to the model. On the between-family level, the associations between the random intercepts of family violence and parental stress, and parental stress and child PTS symptoms were significant, indicating that changes primarily occur on the between-family level and are mainly cross-sectional. No differences were found between families receiving mandatory and voluntary CPS. Intra-familial change might be more complex and might occur at a different pace than hypothesized in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 108292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108291
Berni Kelly , Adrian D. van Breda , Kwabena Frimpong-Manso
Youth leaving care face much adversity and oppression, including stigma, discrimination and unequal opportunities in young adult life, though there is a limited body of care-leaver research grounded in a social justice perspective. This article, therefore, makes an important contribution to the field by applying Nancy Fraser’s work on social justice to interpret the experiences of youth leaving care in African countries and to explore how leaving and aftercare care support could help to counteract the disadvantages and social inequalities they face. The paper draws on a study that involved qualitative interviews with 45 care-leavers across four African countries: Ghana, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Interviews were led by care-experienced peer researchers and sought to explore young people’s experiences of transition from care to young adulthood. The findings show how youth leaving care in African contexts can experience intersectional and mutually reinforcing social injustices as they transition to adult life. The narratives of these young people provide rich insights into their experiences of Fraser’s notions of cultural misrecognition, maldistribution of resources and misrepresentation. Economic and social subordination, due to intersecting experiences of alternative care, gender, disability and cultural exclusion, stigmatises and marginalises youth leaving care, impeding their transition from care and participation in society. Study implications include redistributing resources to improve leaving and aftercare services, decentring oppressive social norms, recognising and valuing the intersectional identities of care-leavers and encouraging care-leaver participation and political voice.
{"title":"“You are nothing and you have nothing”: Exploring social justice for youth leaving care in African contexts","authors":"Berni Kelly , Adrian D. van Breda , Kwabena Frimpong-Manso","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Youth leaving care face much adversity and oppression, including stigma, discrimination and unequal opportunities in young adult life, though there is a limited body of care-leaver research grounded in a social justice perspective. This article, therefore, makes an important contribution to the field by applying Nancy Fraser’s work on social justice to interpret the experiences of youth leaving care in African countries and to explore how leaving and aftercare care support could help to counteract the disadvantages and social inequalities they face. The paper draws on a study that involved qualitative interviews with 45 care-leavers across four African countries: Ghana, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Interviews were led by care-experienced peer researchers and sought to explore young people’s experiences of transition from care to young adulthood. The findings show how youth leaving care in African contexts can experience intersectional and mutually reinforcing social injustices as they transition to adult life. The narratives of these young people provide rich insights into their experiences of Fraser’s notions of cultural misrecognition, maldistribution of resources and misrepresentation. Economic and social subordination, due to intersecting experiences of alternative care, gender, disability and cultural exclusion, stigmatises and marginalises youth leaving care, impeding their transition from care and participation in society. Study implications include redistributing resources to improve leaving and aftercare services, decentring oppressive social norms, recognising and valuing the intersectional identities of care-leavers and encouraging care-leaver participation and political voice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The placement of a child into a foster family alters and redefines existing family structures, having profound implications on the sense of family belonging of various stakeholders. However, studies on family perspectives in foster care often focus on only one or two specific groups, frequently overlooking the insights of children of foster parents and parents. Addressing this gap, our study takes a holistic approach by exploring how (former) foster children (n = 5); parents (n = 4); foster parents (n = 10); children of (former) foster parents (n = 4) and foster care workers (n = 4) in Flanders (Belgium) understand family and how they articulate family relationships and the tensions and complexities that may arise in navigating these relationships in non-kinship care. All were involved in a placement for at least two years. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and relational dialectics theory. Five dialectics were identified in the narratives of participants: family members and non-family members; family belonging and family ambiguity; equal treatment and differential parenting; in the best interest of the child and in the best interest of all children; and imposing and nurturing bonds. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for research and practice, highlighting in particular the urgent need for a more inclusive and equitable foster care system that pays attention to the often marginalized voices of parents and children of foster parents.
{"title":"Roots and routes: navigating family identities and relationships in non-kinship care","authors":"Lara Wulleman , Hans Grietens , Ilse Noens , Nicole Vliegen","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The placement of a child into a foster family alters and redefines existing family structures, having profound implications on the sense of family belonging of various stakeholders. However, studies on family perspectives in foster care often focus on only one or two specific groups, frequently overlooking the insights of children of foster parents and parents. Addressing this gap, our study takes a holistic approach by exploring how (former) foster children (<em>n</em> = 5); parents (<em>n</em> = 4); foster parents (<em>n</em> = 10); children of (former) foster parents (<em>n</em> = 4) and foster care workers (<em>n</em> = 4) in Flanders (Belgium) understand family and how they articulate family relationships and the tensions and complexities that may arise in navigating these relationships in non-kinship care. All were involved in a placement for at least two years. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and relational dialectics theory. Five dialectics were identified in the narratives of participants: family members and non-family members; family belonging and family ambiguity; equal treatment and differential parenting; in the best interest of the child and in the best interest of all children; and imposing and nurturing bonds. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for research and practice, highlighting in particular the urgent need for a more inclusive and equitable foster care system that pays attention to the often marginalized voices of parents and children of foster parents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108288
Lisha Veerakumar , Sanandhana Vetrivelan
Purpose
Long COVID, the long-lasting effects of COVID infection, has emerged as a global concern, especially among school-aged children. While its prevalence has been studied, it is critical to explore which long COVID symptoms impact children’s performance and to assess the role of school-based interventions and accommodations for these students. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and role of long COVID symptoms among school children, assess the necessity of school-based support and services, and identify the symptoms that prompt children to request such support. The study also seeks to raise awareness among parents and school authorities about the challenges faced by children with long COVID, thus addressing a gap in the existing literature.
Method
A questionnaire to study long COVID was developed following a literature review. A convenient sampling approach was employed to conduct a cross-sectional survey among 82 community school children in a U.S. school district with a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection history.
Results
Among the 82 children surveyed, 28% reported experiencing one symptom, 22% reported multiple symptoms, and 4% experienced up to four symptoms potentially linked to long COVID. 32% of affected students required school support. The most commonly reported symptoms were trouble sleeping, anxiety, and tiredness. These symptoms statistically correlated with students’ reported need for school support.
Conclusions
More than half of the students surveyed reported having long COVID symptoms, ranging from one to four symptoms, highlighting the need for school support. The strong correlation between these symptoms and the necessity for school support underscores the necessity of increasing awareness among school authorities about the challenges faced by students due to long COVID. The findings can be used to adopt a flexible approach to support these students effectively.
{"title":"Unseen Struggles: Assessing the impact of long COVID on students and the need for educational support in schools","authors":"Lisha Veerakumar , Sanandhana Vetrivelan","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Long COVID, the long-lasting effects of COVID infection, has emerged as a global concern, especially among school-aged children. While its prevalence has been studied, it is critical to explore which long COVID symptoms impact children’s performance and to assess the role of school-based interventions and accommodations for these students. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and role of long COVID symptoms among school children, assess the necessity of school-based support and services, and identify the symptoms that prompt children to request such support. The study also seeks to raise awareness among parents and school authorities about the challenges faced by children with long COVID, thus addressing a gap in the existing literature.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A questionnaire to study long COVID was developed following a literature review. A convenient sampling approach was employed to conduct a cross-sectional survey among 82 community school children in a U.S. school district with a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection history.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 82 children surveyed, 28% reported experiencing one symptom, 22% reported multiple symptoms, and 4% experienced up to four symptoms potentially linked to long COVID. 32% of affected students required school support. The most commonly reported symptoms were trouble sleeping, anxiety, and tiredness. These symptoms statistically correlated with students’ reported need for school support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>More than half of the students surveyed reported having long COVID symptoms, ranging from one to four symptoms, highlighting the need for school support. The strong correlation between these symptoms and the necessity for school support underscores the necessity of increasing awareness among school authorities about the challenges faced by students due to long COVID. The findings can be used to adopt a flexible approach to support these students effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108272
Rachelle Snyman , Sufran Smith , Karlien Van Schalkwyk
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a prevalent, enduring social and health problem with global ramifications. Male victims have difficulty disclosing their abuse due to traditional gender norms and associated fears. Understanding the factors that inhibit and facilitate disclosure of CSA among male victims is crucial for enhancing access to gender-specific services. To our knowledge, there are no existing review studies specifically examining the factors that inhibit and facilitate the disclosure of CSA among male victims. This study employs a rapid review methodology to synthesise literature on barriers and facilitators of self-disclosure among male CSA victims. Extensive searches were conducted investigating CSA and the associated disclosure processes encountered by male victims. These searches were carried out using the search engine “OneSearch”. An integrative review approach was used to thematically analyse the empirical data extracted from a selection of qualitative and quantitative studies. The data were synthesized using the socio-ecological model of disclosure, which provides a comprehensive framework to understand the multifactorial influences on male CSA disclosure. Fifteen studies met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings underscore the significance of increasing awareness regarding male victims of CSA and emphasise the need to re-evaluate societal norms and challenging prevailing gender expectations. The study highlights that disclosure is shaped by the dynamic interplay of individual characteristics, interpersonal relationships, and broader societal, cultural, and environmental factors. These interconnected influences contribute to the complexity of male CSA disclosure and emphasize the necessity for targeted interventions and continued research. The study identifies important practical implications for practice and future research.
{"title":"Barriers to and facilitators of self-disclosure by male victims of child sexual abuse: a rapid review","authors":"Rachelle Snyman , Sufran Smith , Karlien Van Schalkwyk","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a prevalent, enduring social and health problem with global ramifications. Male victims have difficulty disclosing their abuse due to traditional gender norms and associated fears. Understanding the factors that inhibit and facilitate disclosure of CSA among male victims is crucial for enhancing access to gender-specific services. To our knowledge, there are no existing review studies specifically examining the factors that inhibit and facilitate the disclosure of CSA among male victims. This study employs a rapid review methodology to synthesise literature on barriers and facilitators of self-disclosure among male CSA victims. Extensive searches were conducted investigating CSA and the associated disclosure processes encountered by male victims. These searches were carried out using the search engine “OneSearch”. An integrative review approach was used to thematically analyse the empirical data extracted from a selection of qualitative and quantitative studies. The data were synthesized using the socio-ecological model of disclosure, which provides a comprehensive framework to understand the multifactorial influences on male CSA disclosure. Fifteen studies met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings underscore the significance of increasing awareness regarding male victims of CSA and emphasise the need to re-evaluate societal norms and challenging prevailing gender expectations. The study highlights that disclosure is shaped by the dynamic interplay of individual characteristics, interpersonal relationships, and broader societal, cultural, and environmental factors. These interconnected influences contribute to the complexity of male CSA disclosure and emphasize the necessity for targeted interventions and continued research. The study identifies important practical implications for practice and future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108287
Tonino Esposito , Johanna Caldwell , Martin Chabot , Nico Trocmé , Sonia Hélie , Barbara Fallon
Background: Prior studies suggest that numerous variables such as service availability, socioeconomic vulnerability, and other features of the contexts around families may account for clustering of child protection cases in certain areas. Notions of “spatial equity” prompt us to inquire about CP involvement across differently populated geographies. Objective: This study aims to illustrate whether child population density plays a significant role in the likelihood of childhood prevalence of involvement in the child protection system. Participants and Setting: This study draws from administrative CP data spanning 2000 to 2017 across 10,640 Census Dissemination Areas (DAs) of Quebec, the most socially progressive jurisdiction in North America where many family-oriented services and income transfers are universal. Methods: Using cumulative risk life table analyses, we calculate actual prevalence rates of confirmed CP reports, findings of a child’s security or development being compromised (SDC), and placement out of the home. Results were presented according to geographic tiers defined by their child population density. Results: Results show that children in the lowest population density tier experienced the highest prevalence of CP involvement (19.6% confirmed report, 12.4% SDC, 6.9% placement). The second highest prevalence rates were found in the highest population density tier (15.3% confirmed report, 9.6% SDC, 6.2% placement). The middle density tier fell below average with the lowest rates (12.4% confirmed report, 7.1% SDC, 3.9% placement). Conclusions: The findings suggest that there is a nonlinear relationship between population density and prevalence of child protection involvement. We propose that this may relate to availability, accessibility, and appropriateness of both formal services and informal supports, as well as demographic patterns of socioeconomically vulnerable, Indigenous, and Black children living in certain areas of the province. Findings should prompt further inquiry into mechanisms of risk across regions to inform prevention policy.
{"title":"Nonlinear child protection intervention and child population density: A prevalence study","authors":"Tonino Esposito , Johanna Caldwell , Martin Chabot , Nico Trocmé , Sonia Hélie , Barbara Fallon","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Background:</strong> Prior studies suggest that numerous variables such as service availability, socioeconomic vulnerability, and other features of the contexts around families may account for clustering of child protection cases in certain areas. Notions of “spatial equity” prompt us to inquire about CP involvement across differently populated geographies. <strong>Objective</strong>: This study aims to illustrate whether child population density plays a significant role in the likelihood of childhood prevalence of involvement in the child protection system. <strong>Participants and Setting</strong>: This study draws from administrative CP data spanning 2000 to 2017 across 10,640 Census Dissemination Areas (DAs) of Quebec, the most socially progressive jurisdiction in North America where many family-oriented services and income transfers are universal. <strong>Methods</strong>: Using cumulative risk life table analyses, we calculate actual prevalence rates of confirmed CP reports, findings of a child’s security or development being compromised (SDC), and placement out of the home. Results were presented according to geographic tiers defined by their child population density. <strong>Results</strong>: Results show that children in the lowest population density tier experienced the highest prevalence of CP involvement (19.6% confirmed report, 12.4% SDC, 6.9% placement). The second highest prevalence rates were found in the highest population density tier (15.3% confirmed report, 9.6% SDC, 6.2% placement). The middle density tier fell below average with the lowest rates (12.4% confirmed report, 7.1% SDC, 3.9% placement). <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The findings suggest that there is a nonlinear relationship between population density and prevalence of child protection involvement. We propose that this may relate to availability, accessibility, and appropriateness of both formal services and informal supports, as well as demographic patterns of socioeconomically vulnerable, Indigenous, and Black children living in certain areas of the province. Findings should prompt further inquiry into mechanisms of risk across regions to inform prevention policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108281
Xu Wang , Ni Zhu , Mingchen Wei , Shuai Chen , Yanling Liu
The relationship between personal values and depression in Chinese adolescents remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between the content and types of personal values and depression in Chinese adolescents by combining variable-centered and person-centered research perspectives, while also examining gender differences. A total of 3517 adolescents (Male: 2017, Mage = 15.09) completed the Chinese version of the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The results from the variable-centered approach revealed that: (1) Openness to Change and Self-Transcendence values in Chinese adolescents were not related to depression, Self-Enhancement values were positively related to depression, and Conservation values were negatively related to depression. (2) The results for boys were similar to those for the overall sample; for girls, Openness to Change and Conservation values were negatively related to depression, while Self-Enhancement and Self-Transcendence values were positively related to depression. The results from the person-centered approach showed that the personal value types of Chinese adolescents could be divided into four categories: Self-focus, Other-focus, Anxiety-free, and Undifferentiated. Among these, adolescents with Self-focus types had the highest levels of depression, while those with Other-focus types had the lowest levels of depression. The findings provide empirical evidence and strategies for cultivating personal values in Chinese adolescents and improving depression states.
{"title":"The relationship between content and types of personal values and depression in Chinese adolescents","authors":"Xu Wang , Ni Zhu , Mingchen Wei , Shuai Chen , Yanling Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between personal values and depression in Chinese adolescents remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between the content and types of personal values and depression in Chinese adolescents by combining variable-centered and person-centered research perspectives, while also examining gender differences. A total of 3517 adolescents (Male: 2017, <em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 15.09) completed the Chinese version of the Revised Portrait Value Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The results from the variable-centered approach revealed that: (1) Openness to Change and Self-Transcendence values in Chinese adolescents were not related to depression, Self-Enhancement values were positively related to depression, and Conservation values were negatively related to depression. (2) The results for boys were similar to those for the overall sample; for girls, Openness to Change and Conservation values were negatively related to depression, while Self-Enhancement and Self-Transcendence values were positively related to depression. The results from the person-centered approach showed that the personal value types of Chinese adolescents could be divided into four categories: Self-focus, Other-focus, Anxiety-free, and Undifferentiated. Among these, adolescents with Self-focus types had the highest levels of depression, while those with Other-focus types had the lowest levels of depression. The findings provide empirical evidence and strategies for cultivating personal values in Chinese adolescents and improving depression states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present research conducted in the framework of the European project H2020 RAYUEALA on cybercrime and minors with the aim of analyzing the prevalence of and relationship between cyberbullying and online hate speech among adolescents in two different areas of Europe (Spain −South- and Estonia −North-).
We implemented a representative survey in the region of Madrid (Spain, n = 682) and Estonia (n = 415) with a stratified probability sampling method. We analysed frequencies together with a bivariate analysis and logistic regression.
The results show a similar general prevalence in cyberbullying victimization, but online insults were more common in Estonia and account takeover and exclusion from a group were more common in Spain. However, online insults, racism, and LGTBIphobia had a higher difference in perpetration prevalence in Estonia. While common risk factors for victimization were being a female, being LGTBI, and spending more than three hours online, the leading risk factor for perpetrating was being male. Finally, there was strong overlap between being a cyberbullying and a cyberhate offender.
We suggest some potential explanations for these differences: the extent of technological implementation in the region and the time spent online, information provided in the school and at home, and culturally predominant racism and LGTBphobia. The overlap between being a cyberbullying and a cyberhate offender, the gender- and sexual orientation-related risk factors, and the regional differences in prevalence show the importance of addressing the social and cultural aspects of online violence and the importance of social inequalities and power imbalance.
{"title":"Cyberbullying and cyberhate as an overlapping phenomenon among adolescents in Estonia and Spain: Cross-cultural differences and common risk factors","authors":"Dra.María Reneses , Mari-Liisa Parder , María Riberas-Gutiérrez , Dra.Nereida Bueno-Guerra","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present research conducted in the framework of the European project H2020 RAYUEALA on cybercrime and minors with the aim of analyzing the prevalence of and relationship between cyberbullying and online hate speech among adolescents in two different areas of Europe (Spain −South- and Estonia −North-).</div><div>We implemented a representative survey in the region of Madrid (Spain, n = 682) and Estonia (n = 415) with a stratified probability sampling method. We analysed frequencies together with a bivariate analysis and logistic regression.</div><div>The results show a similar general prevalence in cyberbullying victimization, but online insults were more common in Estonia and account takeover and exclusion from a group were more common in Spain. However, online insults, racism, and LGTBIphobia had a higher difference in perpetration prevalence in Estonia. While common risk factors for victimization were being a female, being LGTBI, and spending more than three hours online, the leading risk factor for perpetrating was being male. Finally, there was strong overlap between being a cyberbullying and a cyberhate offender.</div><div>We suggest some potential explanations for these differences: the extent of technological implementation in the region and the time spent online, information provided in the school and at home, and culturally predominant racism and LGTBphobia. The overlap between being a cyberbullying and a cyberhate offender, the gender- and sexual orientation-related risk factors, and the regional differences in prevalence show the importance of addressing the social and cultural aspects of online violence and the importance of social inequalities and power imbalance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108280
Susan Flynn
This article provides a history of safeguarding of disabled children between 1840 and 1960 in the Republic of Ireland. Therein, safeguarding involves direct and indirect measures undertaken to promote the safety and welfare of disabled children in need of protection. Two distinct subphases of history are addressed. The first is a period characterised by informal familial care versus segregated institutional care. Within this, institutional care operated under medical, religious and philanthropic discourses and auspices. The second is a historical period when newfound State intervention toward inclusion and progression was evident. This period saw institutionalisation reach its most staggering peaks, only to sharply decline in the wake of revelations about widespread institutional care. The article focuses on key changes, across these phases, to child protection and welfare policy and practice in Ireland for disabled children. The central argument is that the Church, the State and the immediate family have had varying roles in safeguarding disabled children, in the context of a lack of evidence of any significant community and societal involvement. This argument is substantiated by and emergent from accounts of history. To elaborate upon the sustaining reasons for this proposition, an affirmative model of disability is applied in discussion, to theoretically consolidate learning from the past. In concluding, the article emphasises the importance of history as a rich source of wisdom for future excellence in policy and practice.
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Pub Date : 2025-04-13DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108269
Ezgi Güney Uygun , Seher Merve Erus , Begüm Satıcı
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may negatively impact individuals’ ability to establish and maintain social relationships, leading to an increase in feelings of loneliness. Loneliness, in turn, can negatively affect subjective vitality by reducing an individuals’ life satisfaction and overall sense of well-being. Earlier research has also emphasized that ACEs can affect the quality of social relationships and contribute to feelings of loneliness. Therefore, ACEs can increase an individual’s sense of loneliness and, as a result, reduce subjective vitality. This study explored the mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between ACEs and subjective vitality. The study sample consists of 322 individuals with an average age of 26.19. The data were obtained through self-report questionnaires and examined using cross-lagged structural equation modeling. Findings from the cross-lagged panel model within a half-longitudinal framework highlighted that loneliness significantly mediated the association between ACEs and vitality. The results suggest that high levels of loneliness reduce the subjective vitality of individuals with ACEs. Consequently, adults’ vitality may be hindered by ACEs as well as loneliness and the absence of social relationships. It is possible to deduce that functional social relationships can be seen as a remedial factor for adults with ACEs, and as feelings of loneliness decrease, their subjective vitality is likely to improve.
{"title":"How adverse childhood experiences relate to subjective vitality: The half-longitudinal role of loneliness","authors":"Ezgi Güney Uygun , Seher Merve Erus , Begüm Satıcı","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may negatively impact individuals’ ability to establish and maintain social relationships, leading to an increase in feelings of loneliness. Loneliness, in turn, can negatively affect subjective vitality by reducing an individuals’ life satisfaction and overall sense of well-being. Earlier research has also emphasized that ACEs can affect the quality of social relationships and contribute to feelings of loneliness. Therefore, ACEs can increase an individual’s sense of loneliness and, as a result, reduce subjective vitality. This study explored the mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between ACEs and subjective vitality. The study sample consists of 322 individuals with an average age of 26.19. The data were obtained through self-report questionnaires and examined using cross-lagged structural equation modeling. Findings from the cross-lagged panel model within a half-longitudinal framework highlighted that loneliness significantly mediated the association between ACEs and vitality. The results suggest that high levels of loneliness reduce the subjective vitality of individuals with ACEs. Consequently, adults’ vitality may be hindered by ACEs as well as loneliness and the absence of social relationships. It is possible to deduce that functional social relationships can be seen as a remedial factor for adults with ACEs, and as feelings of loneliness decrease, their subjective vitality is likely to improve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 108269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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