Toward refinement and homogenization of heterogeneous metal nanoparticle prepared by electrical explosion with spatial filter

IF 4.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 Epub Date: 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120836

Ruoyu Han , Shuhan Liu , Jingran Li , Jie Bai , Xinxuan Xian , Chen Li , Jinhao Wu , Sichao Qin , Xi Chen

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Abstract

The ability to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) with desirable structural/compositional properties has been the driving goal of functional material applications. As a “one-step” evaporation-condensation method for NPs production, the electrical explosion can achieve ultrafast heating/quenching rates (dT/dt ∼ 10¹⁰ K/s) of current-carrying metals. This study proposes a spatial filter to control explosion energy release and product quenching procedure. A supersonic plasma jet (>2 Mach) erupts through the small hole of the filter, forming a high-pressure homogenizer structure, enhancing the diffusion and cooling down of explosion products. Microscopic characterization indicates NPs size decreases from 46.3^±16.7 to 27.7^±7.7 nm. Structural study has yielded two assembly routes of NPs: the first involves the top-down approach (Cu particles >100 nm), while the second concerns the bottom-up way (Cu and Cu_xO NPs <100 nm). The improved performance is attributed to the multi-stage control of explosion products, resulting in less instability development and a more reasonable evaporation-condensation process.

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空间滤波器电爆炸制备非均相金属纳米颗粒的细化和均匀化研究

合成具有理想结构/组成特性的纳米颗粒（NPs）的能力一直是功能材料应用的驱动目标。作为生产NPs的“一步”蒸发-冷凝方法，电爆炸可以实现载流金属的超快加热/淬火速率（dT/ dT ~ 1010k /s）。本文提出了一种空间滤波器来控制爆炸能量释放和产物淬火过程。一束超音速等离子体射流（>；2马赫）从过滤器小孔中喷出，形成高压均质器结构，增强了爆炸产物的扩散和冷却。微观表征表明NPs尺寸从46.3±16.7 nm减小到27.7±7.7 nm。结构研究已经产生了两种NPs的组装路线：第一种是自上而下的方法（Cu粒子>；100 nm），第二种是自下而上的方法（Cu和CuxO NPs <；100 nm）。性能的提高归功于对爆炸产物的多级控制，从而减少了不稳定的发展，使蒸发-冷凝过程更加合理。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Powder Technology 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

15.40%

发文量

1047

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Powder Technology is an International Journal on the Science and Technology of Wet and Dry Particulate Systems. Powder Technology publishes papers on all aspects of the formation of particles and their characterisation and on the study of systems containing particulate solids. No limitation is imposed on the size of the particles, which may range from nanometre scale, as in pigments or aerosols, to that of mined or quarried materials. The following list of topics is not intended to be comprehensive, but rather to indicate typical subjects which fall within the scope of the journal's interests: Formation and synthesis of particles by precipitation and other methods. Modification of particles by agglomeration, coating, comminution and attrition. Characterisation of the size, shape, surface area, pore structure and strength of particles and agglomerates (including the origins and effects of inter particle forces). Packing, failure, flow and permeability of assemblies of particles. Particle-particle interactions and suspension rheology. Handling and processing operations such as slurry flow, fluidization, pneumatic conveying. Interactions between particles and their environment, including delivery of particulate products to the body. Applications of particle technology in production of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, foods, pigments, structural, and functional materials and in environmental and energy related matters. For materials-oriented contributions we are looking for articles revealing the effect of particle/powder characteristics (size, morphology and composition, in that order) on material performance or functionality and, ideally, comparison to any industrial standard.