Uncovering the in vitro antibiofilm potential of Dittrichia graveolens silver nanoparticle against infectious agents.

Abstract

Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Desf., an aromatic plant, is used in various treatments in popular medicine. Especially its methanolic and aqueous extracts have many biological activities. Nanotechnology, which has pioneered important research in recent years, has also begun to be preferred in the field of health. Based on this, we aim to investigate the effect of silver nanoparticle synthesized from Dittrichia graveolens on antimicrobial and antibiofilm. We tried to destroy the biofilm structures responsible for antibiotic resistance in bacteria with environmentally friendly nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs obtained through green synthesis, was evaluated by the liquid medium microdilution method. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values of AgNPs for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were determined by the microdilution method in 96-well ELISA plates. The effect of AgNPs on biofilm was performed using the crystal violet method in 96-well flat-bottom microplates. The MIC values of the four standard strains were determined to be 128 μg/mL. All standard strains showed antibiofilm effects for every concentration of AgNPs. The lowest concentration of AgNPs for inhibition the biofilm was detected as about 90% at 16 μg/mL. It was concluded that green synthesized AgNPs was effective on bacteria. In addition, this is the first study on this subject. This study may be an innovative approach to the scientific world from a herbal and bacterial perspective.