Analysis of the average intensity of general model vortex higher-order cosh-Gaussian beams propagating through an oceanic turbulence medium

IF 4 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Optical and Quantum Electronics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI:10.1007/s11082-025-08073-8

H. Benzehoua, F. Saad, M. Bayraktar, S. Chatzinotas, A. Belafhal

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Abstract

We analyze the propagation characteristics of a General Model vortex Higher-order cosh-Gaussian beam (GMvHchGB) in a turbulent oceanic medium. The beam’s intensity expression is derived using the Huygens–Fresnel integral formula. Through numerical simulations, the average intensity distribution is evaluated, focusing on the effects of oceanic turbulence and the incident beam parameters. The results indicate that the received intensity depends on the initial parameters and the oceanic conditions. Notably, under stronger oceanic turbulence, the GMvHchGB a transformation, losing its initial structure and quickly evolving into a Gaussian profile. This transformation is influenced by a reduction in the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy per unit mass or an increase in the dissipation rate of mean-square temperature and the ratio of temperature to salinity fluctuation. Additionally, the initial beam parameters significantly affect the GMvHchGB’s intensity in the oceanic turbulent medium. These findings offer insights into potential applications in underwater optical communication between ships, divers, and submarines, as well as imaging systems.

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分析在海洋湍流介质中传播的一般模型涡旋高阶 cosh-Gaussian 光束的平均强度

分析了湍流海洋介质中通用型涡高阶cosh-高斯光束（GMvHchGB）的传播特性。利用惠更斯-菲涅耳积分公式推导了光束的强度表达式。通过数值模拟，评估了平均强度分布，重点考虑了海洋湍流和入射光束参数的影响。结果表明，接收强度与初始参数和海洋条件有关。值得注意的是，在较强的海洋湍流作用下，GMvHchGB发生了转变，失去了初始结构，迅速演变为高斯型。这种转变受到单位质量湍流动能耗散率的降低或均方温度耗散率和温度与盐度波动比的增加的影响。此外，初始光束参数对GMvHchGB在海洋湍流介质中的强度有显著影响。这些发现为船舶、潜水员和潜艇之间的水下光通信以及成像系统的潜在应用提供了见解。

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来源期刊

Optical and Quantum Electronics 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

20.00%

发文量

810

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Optical and Quantum Electronics provides an international forum for the publication of original research papers, tutorial reviews and letters in such fields as optical physics, optical engineering and optoelectronics. Special issues are published on topics of current interest. Optical and Quantum Electronics is published monthly. It is concerned with the technology and physics of optical systems, components and devices, i.e., with topics such as: optical fibres; semiconductor lasers and LEDs; light detection and imaging devices; nanophotonics; photonic integration and optoelectronic integrated circuits; silicon photonics; displays; optical communications from devices to systems; materials for photonics (e.g. semiconductors, glasses, graphene); the physics and simulation of optical devices and systems; nanotechnologies in photonics (including engineered nano-structures such as photonic crystals, sub-wavelength photonic structures, metamaterials, and plasmonics); advanced quantum and optoelectronic applications (e.g. quantum computing, memory and communications, quantum sensing and quantum dots); photonic sensors and bio-sensors; Terahertz phenomena; non-linear optics and ultrafast phenomena; green photonics.