The prevalence of take-it-or-leave-it offers

IF 1 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Games and Economic Behavior Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1016/j.geb.2025.02.010
Shinsuke Kambe
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Abstract

We study the effect of the option to exit in finite-horizon, two-person bargaining where players make offers alternatingly and incur fixed costs per period. We show that players use take-it-or-leave-it strategies in the unique equilibrium when there is no discounting. Expecting a low payoff at the next period as a respondent, a proposer would choose to exit after her demand were rejected. This causes her opponent to accept her take-it-or-leave-it offer. This prediction is generically valid even when the division at the final period is exogenously given, and is conditionally true when the cost of bargaining includes discounting.
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要么接受,要么放弃的要约普遍存在
我们研究了有限视界下的退出选择的影响,在这种情况下,参与者交替提供报价,每段时间产生固定成本。我们表明,当没有折扣时,玩家在唯一均衡中使用要么接受要么放弃的策略。由于预期下一阶段作为应答者的收益较低,提议者会在她的要求被拒绝后选择退出。这使得她的对手接受了她的“要么接受,要么放弃”的提议。即使最后阶段的分割是外生给定的,这种预测也是普遍有效的,当议价成本包括贴现时,这种预测是有条件地正确的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
148
期刊介绍: Games and Economic Behavior facilitates cross-fertilization between theories and applications of game theoretic reasoning. It consistently attracts the best quality and most creative papers in interdisciplinary studies within the social, biological, and mathematical sciences. Most readers recognize it as the leading journal in game theory. Research Areas Include: • Game theory • Economics • Political science • Biology • Computer science • Mathematics • Psychology
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