[Practical application of cognitive and clinical tools in the diagnostic process].

Abstract

Clinical decision-making is complex, integrating vast data into binary outcomes. Effective decision-making is critical for physicians, influenced by various factors in the clinical environment. Dual process theory describes intuitive (System 1) and analytical (System 2) thinking. Tools like illness scripts and the modified fishbone diagram enhance diagnostic accuracy. Balancing these approaches can improve decision-making and patient outcomes, despite inherent uncertainties in clinical practice, as argued in this review.