A systematic review of fall prevention interventions in frail older adults

Abstract

Frail older adults are vulnerable to falls. This review aimed to identify the characteristics of fall prevention interventions and assess their effects on fall-related outcomes in the population. Six databases were searched using keywords such as frailty, older adults, fall prevention or management, and education. Twelve studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklist. Most of the included studies had physical exercise as the primary component of fall prevention interventions for frail older adults. Meta-analysis revealed that these interventions significantly reduced the fear of falling and improved physical performance. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in frailty scores, 30-Chair Stand test, hand grip strength, knee extension strength, and depression. These findings show that fall prevention interventions are effective in improving both the physical and psychological status of frail older adults.