The performance of MOFs and rich structure types of stable Zr-MOFs in storing clean energy: Hydrogen

Abstract

According to the increased environmental problems, growing attention to the use of clean energy and its storage is observed. Hydrogen can be used as an outstanding candidate to solve the recent environmental concerns. This issue highlights the importance of the creation of material-based hydrogen storage systems. In this field, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with diverse structures have received great attention, due to their favorable and unique features such as high porosity with adjustable pore sizes, high surface area (SA), tunable chemical composition and controllable structures. Among them, there are structures with high and exemplified stability that have rich chemistry and they can be employed in the hydrogen storage, named zirconium-MOFs (Zr-MOFs). Unfortunately, there is no the comprehensive discussion in a review paper format about Zr-MOFs for hydrogen storage. Therefore, we decided to write an effective review in this field. Although there are many constructive reviews about the performance of MOFs in hydrogen storage, herein, at first, we report the essential issues about the structural chemistry of active MOFs for hydrogen storage, in a substantial portion. Because we believe these reports help to further and depth understand the next part of the review that is about stable Zr-MOFs with different structures in hydrogen storage. Discussed opportunities/challenges can provide in-depth understanding for active researchers in this field. It is expected that this review with the mentioned experimental and computational information, can be another confirmation to show the abilities of MOFs specially this specific class of MOFs family, namely Zr-MOFs, for hydrogen storage.