Recent advances in innovative extraction techniques, comprehensive composition analysis, bioactivity assessment, and development of efficient delivery systems for sea buckthorn oil

Abstract

Background

In recent years, sea buckthorn oil (SBO) has emerged as a prominent health oil with broad applications in cosmetics, health products, food, and medicine. With increasing demand for health-conscious products, the exploration and application of the nutritional and wellness benefits of SBO have become a key focus in contemporary research.

Scope and approach

This article reviews recent advancements in SBO research, focusing on new extraction methods, the analysis of bioactive compounds, pharmacological effects, and recent innovations in encapsulation and delivery systems. It also summarizes current research challenges and potential solutions related to SBO, aiming to promote the further development and utilization of its nutritional and health benefits.

Key findings and conclusions

SBO, a functional oil rich in bioactive components, has attracted significant attention in terms of its extraction techniques, chemical composition, biological activities, and carrier technologies. Centrifugal separation and supercritical CO₂ extraction are two major commercialized techniques for SBO extraction. Sea buckthorn seed oil, rich in linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and phytosterols, primarily functions in liver protection, immunity enhancement, and skin whitening. Sea buckthorn fruit oil, rich in palmitoleic acid and carotene, serves to improve gastrointestinal function and reduce inflammation. As a valuable resource for food, health products, and pharmaceuticals, SBO has shown significant efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo studies. To enhance the stability and bioavailability of SBO, emulsification and microencapsulation technologies are widely used. Future research should focus on optimizing extraction processes, developing novel carrier systems, and conducting high-quality clinical trials to validate its dose-effect relationship and safety, thereby promoting the industrial application of SBO.