Thermal enhancement and energy minimization with dihydrogen oxide-based nanofluids

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze ternary hybrid nanofluid composed of metal oxides ($A{l}_2{O}_3,ZnOandTi{O}_2$) nanoparticles suspended in distilled water. The primary aim is to assess these metal oxide-based ternary hybrid nanofluids for enhancing heat transfer efficiency, particularly on curved surfaces in renewable energy applications. The incorporation of $A{l}_2{O}_3,ZnO$ and $Ti{O}_2$ nanoparticles in the dihydrogen oxide $\left(H_{2}O\right)$ demonstrate significant potential for improving thermal conductivity. This investigation seeks to study the heat transfer enhancement of ternary hybrid nanofluids on curved stretching sheets. This research is expected to yield valuable insights into the advancement of renewable energy applications, including cooling systems for space and water heating, electricity generation, cooling, and transportation. Therefore, the introduction of this novel mathematical model is motivated by the energy management applications of the ternary hybrid nanofluid. This study addresses the influences of magnetohydrodynamics, heat generation, Hall current, thermal radiation, and Joule heating. The boundary layer equations of this novel model are transformed into ordinary differential equations using non-similarity transformations. Subsequently, the highly nonlinear system is numerically solved using the BVP4c technique through MATLAB. The outcomes of this examination reveal that the thermal performance of the trihybrid nano-liquid is more helpful compared to base liquid, nanofluid, hybrid nano-liquid, and modified hybrid nanofluid. The presence of a magnetic field increases the temperature distribution while simultaneously reducing the velocity profile. Additionally, heat transfer improves for superior values of the Hall parameter, surface curvature, and radiation parameter, whereas it decreases for the magnetic number. Drag force reduces for better values of curvature parameter and Hall parameter. The introduction of the ternary hybrid nanofluid has demonstrated significant efficiency in enhancing heat transfer processes, thereby exerting a notable impact on the overall performance of various systems. Its efficiency extends to applications in solar energy, electronics, heat exchangers, cooling systems, and numerous industrial processes.