Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153936
Zhenfang Geng, Jiaxing Zhang, Wei Gao, Yuke Gao, Han Lu, Bo Liang, Yanchao Li
This study experimentally investigated the effects of wire mesh on hydrogen explosion in a narrow and long pipe. Firstly, the flame propagation velocity and overpressure were analyzed without the wire mesh. Subsequently, the effects of wire mesh parameters on the flame propagation velocity and overpressure were studied. Finally, the impact of the wire mesh on the pressure decay rate was quantified. Results indicate that compared to other wire mesh parameter combinations, the 100-mesh 10 mm wire mesh shows a better suppression effect on hydrogen explosion flame. As the mesh count increases, the maximum overpressure decreases significantly overall, while the pressure decay rate stabilizes. Increasing the thickness of the wire mesh enhances the suppression effect by prolonging the flame propagation path and residence time. However, excessive thickness reduces the pressure decay rate. The explosion suppression mechanism relies on the combined effects of heat conduction, wall effects, and flow resistance.
{"title":"Effects of wire mesh on hydrogen explosion in narrow and long pipe","authors":"Zhenfang Geng, Jiaxing Zhang, Wei Gao, Yuke Gao, Han Lu, Bo Liang, Yanchao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study experimentally investigated the effects of wire mesh on hydrogen explosion in a narrow and long pipe. Firstly, the flame propagation velocity and overpressure were analyzed without the wire mesh. Subsequently, the effects of wire mesh parameters on the flame propagation velocity and overpressure were studied. Finally, the impact of the wire mesh on the pressure decay rate was quantified. Results indicate that compared to other wire mesh parameter combinations, the 100-mesh 10 mm wire mesh shows a better suppression effect on hydrogen explosion flame. As the mesh count increases, the maximum overpressure decreases significantly overall, while the pressure decay rate stabilizes. Increasing the thickness of the wire mesh enhances the suppression effect by prolonging the flame propagation path and residence time. However, excessive thickness reduces the pressure decay rate. The explosion suppression mechanism relies on the combined effects of heat conduction, wall effects, and flow resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153936"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153979
Yali Xu , Jiamin Zhang , Shuaifeng Zhang , Lingyu Xu , Qianli Liu , Shengli Yang , Bobo Li , Peng Jiang , Jinshan Li , Minjie Lai
In this study, two hydrogen charging methods, gaseous charging and electrochemical charging, were used to investigate the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of Ti-6321 alloy. The microstructures, hydrogen concentration distributions, and mechanical properties of specimens subjected to each method were systematically examined. The results show that δ-hydrides readily form following electrochemical charging, whereas no hydride formation is observed after gaseous charging despite comparable hydrogen contents. Gaseously charged specimens exhibit a uniform hydrogen distribution from surface to center, while electrochemically charged specimens display a gradient hydrogen concentration distribution. Hydrogen charging increases the hardness of the α phase due to the solid solution strengthening effect, with gaseously charged specimens exhibiting higher α-phase hardness owing to higher hydrogen content in solid solution in the α phase. In contrast, hydrogen ingress leads to softening of the β phase, because of reduced cohesion strength at α/β interfaces and the embrittlement of the β phase. This softening phenomenon is more pronounced in electrochemically charged specimens. Owing to increased generation of dislocations, dislocation networks, and subgrain boundaries during charging, the electrochemically charged specimens show higher mechanical strength compared to the gaseously charged specimens. However, their ductility is lower, which is attributed to reduced dislocation slip activity and increased occurrence of secondary cracks at α/β interfaces, primarily arising from the hydrogen-enhanced interfacial decohesion mechanism. These findings provide new insights into the distinct effects of hydrogen charging routes on the microstructural evolution and hydrogen embrittlement behavior in titanium alloys.
{"title":"Distinct microstructural and mechanical responses of Ti-6321 alloy to gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen charging","authors":"Yali Xu , Jiamin Zhang , Shuaifeng Zhang , Lingyu Xu , Qianli Liu , Shengli Yang , Bobo Li , Peng Jiang , Jinshan Li , Minjie Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, two hydrogen charging methods, gaseous charging and electrochemical charging, were used to investigate the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of Ti-6321 alloy. The microstructures, hydrogen concentration distributions, and mechanical properties of specimens subjected to each method were systematically examined. The results show that δ-hydrides readily form following electrochemical charging, whereas no hydride formation is observed after gaseous charging despite comparable hydrogen contents. Gaseously charged specimens exhibit a uniform hydrogen distribution from surface to center, while electrochemically charged specimens display a gradient hydrogen concentration distribution. Hydrogen charging increases the hardness of the α phase due to the solid solution strengthening effect, with gaseously charged specimens exhibiting higher α-phase hardness owing to higher hydrogen content in solid solution in the α phase. In contrast, hydrogen ingress leads to softening of the β phase, because of reduced cohesion strength at α/β interfaces and the embrittlement of the β phase. This softening phenomenon is more pronounced in electrochemically charged specimens. Owing to increased generation of dislocations, dislocation networks, and subgrain boundaries during charging, the electrochemically charged specimens show higher mechanical strength compared to the gaseously charged specimens. However, their ductility is lower, which is attributed to reduced dislocation slip activity and increased occurrence of secondary cracks at α/β interfaces, primarily arising from the hydrogen-enhanced interfacial decohesion mechanism. These findings provide new insights into the distinct effects of hydrogen charging routes on the microstructural evolution and hydrogen embrittlement behavior in titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153979"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154026
Jesica Ariadna Jiménez-Mendoza , Magdaleno Caballero-Caballero , Fernando Chiñas-Castillo , Rafael Alavez-Ramirez , Luis Humberto Robledo-Taboada , José Luis Montes Bernabé
The harmful global impacts of greenhouse gases from high CO2 emissions make a shift to clean energy like hydrogen essential. Hydrogen can be produced biologically from biomass. This article reviews dark fermentation of Agave angustifolia Haw., which yields bagasse. Studies show related species such as A. karwinskii, A. lechuguilla, and A. tequilana Weber can produce up to 3.48 mol of H2 per mol of glucose. This study identifies the specific technological barriers, bioengineering challenges, and economic gaps associated with A. angustifolia Haw as a potential source for hydrogen production, and proposes two combined treatments: acid hydrolysis and steam hydrolysis, followed by enzymatic treatment, contributing to the utilization and reuse of this polluting residue for energy generation in the state of Oaxaca, a major mezcal producer in Mexico. This review also provides a practical roadmap to accelerate laboratory-to-pilot transition of agave-based biohydrogen systems.
{"title":"Critical review of biohydrogen production from Agave angustifolia Haw residues: Technological barriers, techno-economic gaps, and scale-up strategies","authors":"Jesica Ariadna Jiménez-Mendoza , Magdaleno Caballero-Caballero , Fernando Chiñas-Castillo , Rafael Alavez-Ramirez , Luis Humberto Robledo-Taboada , José Luis Montes Bernabé","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The harmful global impacts of greenhouse gases from high CO<sub>2</sub> emissions make a shift to clean energy like hydrogen essential. Hydrogen can be produced biologically from biomass. This article reviews dark fermentation of <em>Agave angustifolia</em> Haw., which yields bagasse. Studies show related species such as <em>A. karwinskii</em>, A. lechuguilla, and <em>A. tequilana</em> Weber can produce up to 3.48 mol of H<sub>2</sub> per mol of glucose. This study identifies the specific technological barriers, bioengineering challenges, and economic gaps associated with <em>A. angustifolia</em> Haw as a potential source for hydrogen production, and proposes two combined treatments: acid hydrolysis and steam hydrolysis, followed by enzymatic treatment, contributing to the utilization and reuse of this polluting residue for energy generation in the state of Oaxaca, a major mezcal producer in Mexico. This review also provides a practical roadmap to accelerate laboratory-to-pilot transition of agave-based biohydrogen systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154026"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153972
Tao Yang , Lingyu Cui , Yi Shen
To address the corrosion issue in seawater environments, the rational design of active electrocatalysts that can effectively resist chloride ion corrosion is desirable for hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis. Herein, we fabricated a series of catalysts by phosphating nickel-iron double layered hydroxides (NiFe LDHs). The effects of Ni/Fe ratios and amorphous properties of the NiFe LDHs on the catalytic performance were extensively studied. The optimal sample derived from an amorphous NiFe LDH with a Ni/Fe ratio of 1:2 was composed of phosphides, metallic nickel nanoparticles and nickel-iron oxide nanosheets, leading to abundant strongly interacted interfaces. Such structural features endowed the catalyst with excellent catalytic activities for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under alkaline freshwater and natural seawater conditions. To reach a current density of 100 mA cm−2, overpotentials of only 353 and 397 mV were required for the OER and HER in natural seawater, respectively. The catalysts were highly stable under alkaline freshwater and natural seawater conditions with excellent long-term stability. In addition, an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer assembled by Pt/C || A-Ni2Fe–P yielded a current of 2 A cm−2 at a voltage of 2.23 V. This remarkable catalytic activity is attributed to the multiple interfaces exposing more active sites and the formation of phosphides and metallic nickel nanoparticles, which could optimize the adsorption energy of the intermediates. The outstanding stability of the catalysts was derived from the effective repulsion of Cl− by the phosphate passivation layer formed during the reconfiguration of the metal phosphides. This work provides a new idea for the synthesis of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis.
为了解决海水环境中的腐蚀问题，合理设计能有效抵抗氯离子腐蚀的活性电催化剂是海水电解制氢的必要条件。本文采用磷化镍铁双层氢氧化物（nifeldhs）制备了一系列催化剂。研究了Ni/Fe比和Ni/Fe非晶态性质对催化性能的影响。Ni/Fe比为1:2的非晶态NiFe LDH样品由磷化物、金属镍纳米粒子和镍铁氧化物纳米片组成，具有丰富的强相互作用界面。这种结构特征使催化剂在碱性淡水和天然海水条件下对析氢反应（HER）和析氧反应（OER）具有优异的催化活性。为了达到100 mA cm−2的电流密度，OER和HER在天然海水中的过电位分别为353和397 mV。催化剂在碱性淡水和天然海水条件下均表现出较高的稳定性，具有良好的长期稳定性。此外，由Pt/C || a - ni2fe - p组装的阴离子交换膜电解槽在2.23 V电压下产生2 a cm−2的电流。这种显著的催化活性归因于多个界面暴露出更多的活性位点，以及形成磷化物和金属镍纳米颗粒，这可以优化中间体的吸附能。催化剂优异的稳定性源于金属磷化物在重构过程中形成的磷酸盐钝化层对Cl−的有效排斥。本研究为合成高性能海水电解双功能电催化剂提供了新的思路。
{"title":"Partial phosphation of amorphous NiFe layered double hydroxides into an efficient catalyst for seawater splitting","authors":"Tao Yang , Lingyu Cui , Yi Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the corrosion issue in seawater environments, the rational design of active electrocatalysts that can effectively resist chloride ion corrosion is desirable for hydrogen production via seawater electrolysis. Herein, we fabricated a series of catalysts by phosphating nickel-iron double layered hydroxides (NiFe LDHs). The effects of Ni/Fe ratios and amorphous properties of the NiFe LDHs on the catalytic performance were extensively studied. The optimal sample derived from an amorphous NiFe LDH with a Ni/Fe ratio of 1:2 was composed of phosphides, metallic nickel nanoparticles and nickel-iron oxide nanosheets, leading to abundant strongly interacted interfaces. Such structural features endowed the catalyst with excellent catalytic activities for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under alkaline freshwater and natural seawater conditions. To reach a current density of 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, overpotentials of only 353 and 397 mV were required for the OER and HER in natural seawater, respectively. The catalysts were highly stable under alkaline freshwater and natural seawater conditions with excellent long-term stability. In addition, an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer assembled by Pt/C || A-Ni<sub>2</sub>Fe–P yielded a current of 2 A cm<sup>−2</sup> at a voltage of 2.23 V. This remarkable catalytic activity is attributed to the multiple interfaces exposing more active sites and the formation of phosphides and metallic nickel nanoparticles, which could optimize the adsorption energy of the intermediates. The outstanding stability of the catalysts was derived from the effective repulsion of Cl<sup>−</sup> by the phosphate passivation layer formed during the reconfiguration of the metal phosphides. This work provides a new idea for the synthesis of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for seawater electrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153972"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153877
Haoran Zhao , Shikai Bao , Xuhao Yuan , Xiao Cai , Gang Li
In the present study, the flammability limits of hydrogen are measured using a low temperature combustion chamber. The effects of initial temperature, pressure, and dilution on the flammability limits of hydrogen are investigated, and two classic prediction methods of flammability limits are evaluated. The results indicate that the flammability range of hydrogen is widened with the increase of temperature and pressure, mainly due to the larger chain-branching reaction rates and higher chance of molecule collisions. The flammability range of hydrogen is narrowed with the increase of dilution ratio, and the inert capability of CO2 is stronger than that of N2. The adiabatic flame temperature (AFT) method can give a satisfactory prediction for the flammability limits of hydrogen, despite this method is heavily dependent on the accuracy of the critical adiabatic flame temperature. The limiting burning velocity (LBV) method overpredicts the flammability limits of hydrogen, and it is limited by the experimental data of laminar burning velocity. Both the critical adiabatic flame temperature and limiting burning velocity of hydrogen are not constant and significantly vary under different conditions. Finally, to use the two methods more accurately, the critical adiabatic flame temperature and limiting burning velocity of hydrogen are correlated in a wide range of conditions. The present study emphasizes the non-constant variation of critical adiabatic flame temperature and limiting burning velocity, which can improve the prediction accuracy of hydrogen flammability limits.
{"title":"Experimental determination and prediction methods of flammability limits of hydrogen","authors":"Haoran Zhao , Shikai Bao , Xuhao Yuan , Xiao Cai , Gang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, the flammability limits of hydrogen are measured using a low temperature combustion chamber. The effects of initial temperature, pressure, and dilution on the flammability limits of hydrogen are investigated, and two classic prediction methods of flammability limits are evaluated. The results indicate that the flammability range of hydrogen is widened with the increase of temperature and pressure, mainly due to the larger chain-branching reaction rates and higher chance of molecule collisions. The flammability range of hydrogen is narrowed with the increase of dilution ratio, and the inert capability of CO<sub>2</sub> is stronger than that of N<sub>2</sub>. The adiabatic flame temperature (AFT) method can give a satisfactory prediction for the flammability limits of hydrogen, despite this method is heavily dependent on the accuracy of the critical adiabatic flame temperature. The limiting burning velocity (LBV) method overpredicts the flammability limits of hydrogen, and it is limited by the experimental data of laminar burning velocity. Both the critical adiabatic flame temperature and limiting burning velocity of hydrogen are not constant and significantly vary under different conditions. Finally, to use the two methods more accurately, the critical adiabatic flame temperature and limiting burning velocity of hydrogen are correlated in a wide range of conditions. The present study emphasizes the non-constant variation of critical adiabatic flame temperature and limiting burning velocity, which can improve the prediction accuracy of hydrogen flammability limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153877"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154040
Maria A. Gordeeva , Eugenia N. Homutinnikova , Gennady K. Vdovin , Dmitry A. Medvedev
Solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs) operating at low and intermediate temperatures represent a promising technology for efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion. The performance of these cells is predominantly governed by their total area specific resistance, which comprises two principal components: the ohmic resistance (associated with ionic transport within the electrolyte) and the polarization resistance (originating from electrode reaction kinetics). Consequently, the rational design of high-performance SOCs necessitates the independent optimization of these resistive contributions. It is generally accepted that ohmic and polarization resistances are intrinsic properties of the electrolyte and electrodes, respectively, and can thus be controlled separately through material doping or microstructural engineering of the corresponding components. However, the electrolyte and electrode materials form a common area (interface), indicating their close relation to each other. In the present study, a simple experiment was conducted to confirm the relationship between ohmic and polarization resistances. In detail, several symmetrical cells were prepared using the same electrode material and various electrolytes. It was shown that the polarization resistance of the electrode was as low as higher ionic conductivity of the electrolytes under identical experimental conditions. The obtained results are further discussed within the broader context of literature data for protonic ceramic fuel and electrolysis cells, revealing a commonality: the performance of the electrode is not an isolated property but is intrinsically linked to the characteristics of the electrolyte with which it interfaces.
{"title":"Are the ohmic and polarization resistances of solid oxide electrochemical cells independent from each other?","authors":"Maria A. Gordeeva , Eugenia N. Homutinnikova , Gennady K. Vdovin , Dmitry A. Medvedev","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs) operating at low and intermediate temperatures represent a promising technology for efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion. The performance of these cells is predominantly governed by their total area specific resistance, which comprises two principal components: the ohmic resistance (associated with ionic transport within the electrolyte) and the polarization resistance (originating from electrode reaction kinetics). Consequently, the rational design of high-performance SOCs necessitates the independent optimization of these resistive contributions. It is generally accepted that ohmic and polarization resistances are intrinsic properties of the electrolyte and electrodes, respectively, and can thus be controlled separately through material doping or microstructural engineering of the corresponding components. However, the electrolyte and electrode materials form a common area (interface), indicating their close relation to each other. In the present study, a simple experiment was conducted to confirm the relationship between ohmic and polarization resistances. In detail, several symmetrical cells were prepared using the same electrode material and various electrolytes. It was shown that the polarization resistance of the electrode was as low as higher ionic conductivity of the electrolytes under identical experimental conditions. The obtained results are further discussed within the broader context of literature data for protonic ceramic fuel and electrolysis cells, revealing a commonality: the performance of the electrode is not an isolated property but is intrinsically linked to the characteristics of the electrolyte with which it interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154040"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154006
Yang Guo , Shuqin Yuan , Xinnian Xia , Shuaijun Pan , Zhenfei Yang
Crystal plane engineering and the piezoelectric effect show promise for enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction performance, yet potential synergistic effects between them remain unclear. In this study, NiS2/CdS composites dominated by CdS (002) crystalline facet were successfully synthesized and used for piezoelectric photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Under piezoelectric conditions, CdS72 with a high (002) facet ratio demonstrated a 4.56 times improvement in hydrogen evolution performance compared to pure light irradiation, while CdS24 with a lower (002) facet ratio showed a 2.8 times enhancement. Notably, the optimized sample NiS2-5/CdS72 reached a piezoelectric photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 15.67 mmol g−1 h−1, which is 4.54 times higher than that of NiS2-5/CdS24 with pure irradiation. Through piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) and finite element simulations, we revealed that the (002) enriched CdS72 generates stronger piezoelectric fields, which synergistically accelerate photogenerated charge separation as evidenced by enhanced piezoelectric photocurrent responses. The combination of the piezoelectric effect and crystalline face engineering enables structural design and broad application of highly active photocatalysts.
{"title":"Crystalline facet-driven NiS2/CdS composites for enhanced piezoelectric photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and mechanism","authors":"Yang Guo , Shuqin Yuan , Xinnian Xia , Shuaijun Pan , Zhenfei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crystal plane engineering and the piezoelectric effect show promise for enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction performance, yet potential synergistic effects between them remain unclear. In this study, NiS<sub>2</sub>/CdS composites dominated by CdS (002) crystalline facet were successfully synthesized and used for piezoelectric photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Under piezoelectric conditions, CdS72 with a high (002) facet ratio demonstrated a 4.56 times improvement in hydrogen evolution performance compared to pure light irradiation, while CdS24 with a lower (002) facet ratio showed a 2.8 times enhancement. Notably, the optimized sample NiS<sub>2</sub>-5/CdS72 reached a piezoelectric photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 15.67 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 4.54 times higher than that of NiS<sub>2</sub>-5/CdS24 with pure irradiation. Through piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) and finite element simulations, we revealed that the (002) enriched CdS72 generates stronger piezoelectric fields, which synergistically accelerate photogenerated charge separation as evidenced by enhanced piezoelectric photocurrent responses. The combination of the piezoelectric effect and crystalline face engineering enables structural design and broad application of highly active photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154006"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154041
Guoliang Liu , Meiling Fan , Zaijun Gan , Yixin Luo , Haiyang Yang , Yong Liu , Jie Wang , Hai Liu , Haining Zhang , Ying Ou
Construction of hydrophilic channel microstructure represents a critical challenge in proton exchange membranes (PEMs) that simultaneously achieve high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Herein, a novel in-situ ionic crosslinked composite membrane was fabricated by incorporating sulfonated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS–SO3H) into sulfonated polybenzimidazole (SPBI) matrix. The unique multi-sulfonic acid architecture of POSS-SO3H significantly enhance membrane hydrophilicity, creating continuous proton transport channels with optimized hydration networks. Meanwhile, the ionic crosslinking formed between POSS-SO3H and SPBI, along with the steric hindrance imparted by POSS-SO3H nanoparticles, effectively controlled both the free volume radius and fractional free volume in the membrane matrix, thereby suppressing methanol permeation. Remarkably, the SPBI/POSS-SO3H membrane with thickness of 15 μm exhibited a high open-circuit voltage of 0.72 V, remarkable peak power density of 130.20 mW cm−2 and low crossover current density of merely 120 mA cm−2 at 80oC with 2 M methanol.
亲水通道微观结构的构建是直接甲醇燃料电池（dmfc）中同时实现高质子导电性和低甲醇渗透率的质子交换膜（PEMs）的关键挑战。本文将磺化多面体低聚硅氧烷（POSS-SO3H）加入磺化聚苯并咪唑（SPBI）基质中，制备了一种新型原位离子交联复合膜。POSS-SO3H独特的多磺酸结构显著增强了膜的亲水性，通过优化的水化网络创建了连续的质子传输通道。同时，POSS-SO3H与SPBI之间形成离子交联，加上POSS-SO3H纳米颗粒所赋予的空间位阻，有效地控制了膜基质中的自由体积半径和分数自由体积，从而抑制了甲醇的渗透。值得注意的是，厚度为15 μm的SPBI/POSS-SO3H膜在80℃、2 M甲醇条件下具有0.72 V的高开路电压、130.20 mW cm - 2的峰值功率密度和仅为120 mA cm - 2的低交叉电流密度。
{"title":"Construction of sub-methanol-molecule-scale proton channels in SPBI/POSS-SO3H composite membranes for high-performance direct methanol fuel cells","authors":"Guoliang Liu , Meiling Fan , Zaijun Gan , Yixin Luo , Haiyang Yang , Yong Liu , Jie Wang , Hai Liu , Haining Zhang , Ying Ou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Construction of hydrophilic channel microstructure represents a critical challenge in proton exchange membranes (PEMs) that simultaneously achieve high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Herein, a novel <em>in-situ</em> ionic crosslinked composite membrane was fabricated by incorporating sulfonated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS–SO<sub>3</sub>H) into sulfonated polybenzimidazole (SPBI) matrix. The unique multi-sulfonic acid architecture of POSS-SO<sub>3</sub>H significantly enhance membrane hydrophilicity, creating continuous proton transport channels with optimized hydration networks. Meanwhile, the ionic crosslinking formed between POSS-SO<sub>3</sub>H and SPBI, along with the steric hindrance imparted by POSS-SO<sub>3</sub>H nanoparticles, effectively controlled both the free volume radius and fractional free volume in the membrane matrix, thereby suppressing methanol permeation. Remarkably, the SPBI/POSS-SO<sub>3</sub>H membrane with thickness of 15 μm exhibited a high open-circuit voltage of 0.72 V, remarkable peak power density of 130.20 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> and low crossover current density of merely 120 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> at 80<sup>o</sup>C with 2 M methanol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154041"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154012
J.A. Romero-Ramos , Ignacio Arias , Josué F. Rosales-Pérez , Rodrigo Escobar , José Cardemil , M. Pérez-García
This study presents a geospatial methodology to screen local green hydrogen networks that connect photovoltaic-electrolyzer production sites with nearby manufacturing industries that consume natural gas for thermal processes. The framework integrates industrial thermal demand estimation, usable industrial land for photovoltaic deployment, annual modeling of hydrogen production and planning-level network routing restricted to the road network. In southeastern Spain, the workflow identifies 8811 candidate sites yield 521 GWh/y of potential hydrogen (28.5% of regional industrial gas demand). Connectivity is assessed at 75-300 m service radii and network performance is quantified using route intensity (pipeline km/GWh potentially delivered). The 150 m scenario offers the best reach-efficiency trade-off, making 51.6% of facilities reachable and capturing 158 GWh/y of clustered hydrogen potential, with a median route intensity of 11 km/GWh. The proposed GIS-based workflow provides a replicable screening-level tool for the early planning of short-range hydrogen distribution networks, supporting future techno-economic and regulatory assessments.
{"title":"Geospatial identification of thermal energy clusters for the development of local solar hydrogen networks in the manufacturing industry: A case study in southeastern Spain. Toward EU-ready local hydrogen networks","authors":"J.A. Romero-Ramos , Ignacio Arias , Josué F. Rosales-Pérez , Rodrigo Escobar , José Cardemil , M. Pérez-García","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a geospatial methodology to screen local green hydrogen networks that connect photovoltaic-electrolyzer production sites with nearby manufacturing industries that consume natural gas for thermal processes. The framework integrates industrial thermal demand estimation, usable industrial land for photovoltaic deployment, annual modeling of hydrogen production and planning-level network routing restricted to the road network. In southeastern Spain, the workflow identifies 8811 candidate sites yield 521 GWh/y of potential hydrogen (28.5% of regional industrial gas demand). Connectivity is assessed at 75-300 m service radii and network performance is quantified using route intensity (pipeline km/GWh potentially delivered). The 150 m scenario offers the best reach-efficiency trade-off, making 51.6% of facilities reachable and capturing 158 GWh/y of clustered hydrogen potential, with a median route intensity of 11 km/GWh. The proposed GIS-based workflow provides a replicable screening-level tool for the early planning of short-range hydrogen distribution networks, supporting future techno-economic and regulatory assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154012"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-17Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153969
Chuang Wang , Liming Fu , Mei Zhou , Zhian Song , Rui Ma , Mingpan Wan , Peng Zhang , Peng Kuang , Fuyan Liu , Qigui Yang , Te Zhu , Xingzhong Cao
Hydrogen embrittlement poses a critical challenge for ferritic alloys in nuclear environments. This study deciphers the underlying mechanisms by investigating hydrogen-defect interactions in Fe12Cr alloy under varied hydrogen concentrations and pre-deformation states. A synergistic methodology combining positron annihilation spectroscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations was employed. It is revealed that hydrogen preferentially occupies tetrahedral interstitial sites, as confirmed by lower binding and dissolution energies. With increasing hydrogen concentration, the defects evolution transitions from an interstitial solid solution to the nucleation of hydrogen-vacancy complexes (HmVn), driving a distinct mechanical response: an initial slight hardening (188.4 to 190.8 HV) followed by pronounced softening (down to 174.8 HV). Furthermore, pre-deformation introduces high-density dislocations and sub-grain boundaries, which act as potent trapping sites. This dramatically enhances deuterium retention, increasing from 2.79 × 1015 to 6.77 × 1015 D/cm2. Crucially, these deformation-induced defects not only trap hydrogen but also mitigate its detrimental softening effect by localizing hydrogen and restricting its long-range diffusion. These findings provide critical mechanistic insights for designing hydrogen-resistant alloys for nuclear applications.
{"title":"Investigation of the interaction of hydrogen with defects in Fe12Cr alloy","authors":"Chuang Wang , Liming Fu , Mei Zhou , Zhian Song , Rui Ma , Mingpan Wan , Peng Zhang , Peng Kuang , Fuyan Liu , Qigui Yang , Te Zhu , Xingzhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen embrittlement poses a critical challenge for ferritic alloys in nuclear environments. This study deciphers the underlying mechanisms by investigating hydrogen-defect interactions in Fe12Cr alloy under varied hydrogen concentrations and pre-deformation states. A synergistic methodology combining positron annihilation spectroscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations was employed. It is revealed that hydrogen preferentially occupies tetrahedral interstitial sites, as confirmed by lower binding and dissolution energies. With increasing hydrogen concentration, the defects evolution transitions from an interstitial solid solution to the nucleation of hydrogen-vacancy complexes (H<sub>m</sub>V<sub>n</sub>), driving a distinct mechanical response: an initial slight hardening (188.4 to 190.8 HV) followed by pronounced softening (down to 174.8 HV). Furthermore, pre-deformation introduces high-density dislocations and sub-grain boundaries, which act as potent trapping sites. This dramatically enhances deuterium retention, increasing from 2.79 × 10<sup>15</sup> to 6.77 × 10<sup>15</sup> D/cm<sup>2</sup>. Crucially, these deformation-induced defects not only trap hydrogen but also mitigate its detrimental softening effect by localizing hydrogen and restricting its long-range diffusion. These findings provide critical mechanistic insights for designing hydrogen-resistant alloys for nuclear applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153969"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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