Optimization of nanostructured surfaces of the β-alloy Ti-35Nb-5Ta: The effect of electrochemical anodization on the functional performance of titanium dioxide nanotubes

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS Surface & Coatings Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.131974

Ramaiany C. Mesquita , Jessica B. Serra , Eden S. Silva , Samuel F. Rodrigues , Beatriz S. Batista , Luciana M.R. Alencar , Clésio C. Melo , Alan S. Menezes , Anderson O. Lobo , Fernanda R. Marciano

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Abstract

This manuscript investigates the optimization of nanostructured TiO₂ surfaces on Ti-35Nb-5Ta alloy through electrochemical anodizing, focusing on its effects on roughness, adhesion, work function, and corrosion resistance. The objective is to enhance surface properties that influence osseointegration for biomedical applications. Microstructural analysis confirmed the presence of equiaxed β-phase grains (BCC) and amorphous TiO₂ nanotubes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated a 35 % increase in surface roughness (R_q) after anodizing, which improved adhesion by 25 % due to increased surface area and reduced nanotube diameter (< 80 nm). The work function (φ) increased from 4.32 eV to 4.47 eV, associated with vacancy formation and enhanced Ti exposure. Electrochemical evaluation in simulated body fluid (SBF) electrolyte was performed to assess corrosion resistance. The anodized surface exhibited enhanced corrosion resistance, demonstrating improved passivation behavior in SBF. The combined effects of increased roughness, adhesion force, and corrosion resistance suggest that electrochemical anodizing is a viable strategy to optimize nanostructured Ti-based biomaterials, promoting better osseointegration.

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β-合金Ti-35Nb-5Ta纳米结构表面的优化：电化学阳极氧化对二氧化钛纳米管功能性能的影响

本文研究了电化学阳极氧化对Ti-35Nb-5Ta合金表面纳米结构TiO2的优化，重点研究了其对粗糙度、附着力、功功能和耐腐蚀性的影响。目的是提高影响生物医学应用中骨整合的表面特性。显微结构分析证实了等轴β相晶粒（BCC）和无定形TiO2纳米管的存在。原子力显微镜（AFM）显示，阳极氧化后的表面粗糙度（Rq）提高了35%，由于表面积增加和纳米管直径减小，附着力提高了25%。80海里)。功函数（φ）由4.32 eV增加到4.47 eV，与空位形成和Ti暴露增强有关。在模拟体液（SBF）电解液中进行电化学评价以评估其耐腐蚀性。阳极处理后的表面表现出增强的耐腐蚀性，表明SBF中的钝化行为得到改善。提高粗糙度、附着力和耐腐蚀性的综合效应表明，电化学阳极氧化是优化纳米结构钛基生物材料的可行策略，可以促进更好的骨整合。

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来源期刊

Surface & Coatings Technology 工程技术-材料科学：膜

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

11.10%

发文量

921

审稿时长

19 days

期刊介绍： Surface and Coatings Technology is an international archival journal publishing scientific papers on significant developments in surface and interface engineering to modify and improve the surface properties of materials for protection in demanding contact conditions or aggressive environments, or for enhanced functional performance. Contributions range from original scientific articles concerned with fundamental and applied aspects of research or direct applications of metallic, inorganic, organic and composite coatings, to invited reviews of current technology in specific areas. Papers submitted to this journal are expected to be in line with the following aspects in processes, and properties/performance: A. Processes: Physical and chemical vapour deposition techniques, thermal and plasma spraying, surface modification by directed energy techniques such as ion, electron and laser beams, thermo-chemical treatment, wet chemical and electrochemical processes such as plating, sol-gel coating, anodization, plasma electrolytic oxidation, etc., but excluding painting. B. Properties/performance: friction performance, wear resistance (e.g., abrasion, erosion, fretting, etc), corrosion and oxidation resistance, thermal protection, diffusion resistance, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and properties relevant to smart materials behaviour and enhanced multifunctional performance for environmental, energy and medical applications, but excluding device aspects.