Surface & Coatings Technology最新文献

Effect of impact angle on hot corrosion resistance of abrasive water jet peened Ti-6Al-4V alloy 冲击角对加砂水射流强化 Ti-6Al-4V 合金耐热腐蚀性的影响

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131523

V. Chakkravarthy , P. Manojkumar , S. Jerome , S.A. Evlashin , Jinoop Arackal Narayanan , R.V. Mendagaliev , A.O. Sidorenko , R.L. Narayan

The effect of peening angle (10° to 40°) on NaCl induced hot corrosion behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was evaluated at 750 °C for 100 h. Peening at higher impact angles progressively increases the surface roughness, number of sub-grains, magnitude of compressive residual stresses and hardness of the alloy. During hot corrosion, the surfaces of Ti-6Al-4Al, irrespective of the peened condition, develops oxide scales that contain oxides of Ti, Al and V. Hot corrosion rate, measured in terms of rate of mass gain and the rate constant, K_p, was highest for the unpeened alloy but decreased for surfaces subjected to AWJ peening. Surfaces peened at increasing impact angles have smaller mass gain rate and the one peened at the impact angle of 30° exhibited the lowest corrosion rate and a lowest K_p of ∼0.08 mg²/cm⁴/h. The surface peened at 40° is, however, not as corrosion resistant. The mechanism of corrosion was discussed in the context of corrosion products formed and the opposing influences of initial roughness and compressive residual stresses. While higher roughness promotes hot corrosion by facilitating sites for corrosive attack, higher compressive residual stresses retard the diffusion of corrosive species into the Ti-6Al-4V surface. Based on these discussions, the optimum impact angle for AWJ peening for imparting maximum hot corrosion resistance on Ti-6Al-4V was determined to be ∼30°.

评估了强化角度（10° 至 40°）对 Ti-6Al-4V 合金在 750 °C、100 小时的 NaCl 诱导热腐蚀行为的影响。在热腐蚀过程中，无论强化条件如何，Ti-6Al-4Al 的表面都会产生氧化鳞片，其中包含 Ti、Al 和 V 的氧化物。以质量增加率和速率常数 Kp 度量的热腐蚀速率在未强化的合金中最高，但在经过 AWJ 强化的表面上则有所下降。冲击角度增大的强化表面的质量增加率较小，冲击角度为 30° 的强化表面的腐蚀率最低，Kp 也最低，为 0.08 mg2/cm4/h。然而，以 40° 角进行强化的表面的耐腐蚀性则较差。腐蚀机理是在形成的腐蚀产物以及初始粗糙度和压缩残余应力的对立影响的背景下讨论的。较高的粗糙度会促进腐蚀侵蚀部位，从而促进热腐蚀，而较高的压缩残余应力则会延缓腐蚀物种向 Ti-6Al-4V 表面的扩散。根据上述讨论，确定 AWJ 强化的最佳冲击角度为 ∼30°，以赋予 Ti-6Al-4V 最大的耐热腐蚀性。

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引用次数: 0

Design and fabrication of multiphase TiVCrZrW films with superior wear resistance and corrosion resistance 设计和制造具有优异耐磨性和耐腐蚀性的多相 TiVCrZrW 薄膜

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131545

Huanyu Li , Jianxun Qiu , Qiyao Song , Suxuan Du , Xiaofei Ma , Daliang Yu , Shangzhou Zhang , Xin Zhou , Xiaochun He , Wenzhe Wang , Shizeng Dang , Ping Ren

High entropy alloys (HEAs) have the potential to overcome the conflict between hardness and toughness by incorporating dual-phase or multiphase structures. Under unbalanced magnetron sputtering, HEA films with large atomic size differences tend to form non-monophasic structures. In this study, based on a phase diagram calculation simulation, a multiphase TiVCrZrW film with deposition temperature-induced phase separation was successfully designed. Interestingly, the TiVCrZrW film deposited at 600 °C exhibited a multiphase structure including a double body-centered cubic (BCC) phase and Laves phase by spinodal decomposition, realizing a balance between hardness and toughness. The tribological experiments showed that the multiphase TiVCrZrW film provided superior wear resistance, with a minimum wear rate of 2.63 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/(N·m). The electrochemical experiment demonstrated the outstanding corrosion resistance of the multiphase TiVCrZrW film, and the corrosive solution was effectively inhibited by the ZrO₂ and Cr₂O₃ oxides passive film formed on the surface. According to the results of this study, TiVCrZrW protective films have a wide range of potential applications in various fields of marine engineering.

高熵合金（HEA）具有克服硬度和韧性之间矛盾的潜力，因为它具有双相或多相结构。在不平衡磁控溅射条件下，原子尺寸差异较大的 HEA 薄膜往往会形成非单相结构。本研究基于相图计算模拟，成功设计了一种具有沉积温度诱导相分离的多相 TiVCrZrW 薄膜。有趣的是，在 600 °C 下沉积的 TiVCrZrW 薄膜呈现出多相结构，包括双体心立方（BCC）相和通过旋光分解形成的 Laves 相，实现了硬度和韧性之间的平衡。摩擦学实验表明，多相 TiVCrZrW 薄膜具有优异的耐磨性，最低磨损率为 2.63 × 10-6 mm3/（N-m）。电化学实验表明，多相 TiVCrZrW 膜具有出色的耐腐蚀性，表面形成的 ZrO2 和 Cr2O3 氧化物被动膜有效抑制了腐蚀性溶液。根据这项研究的结果，TiVCrZrW 保护膜在海洋工程的各个领域都有广泛的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Plasma electrolytic polishing-induced surface chemical and structural evolutions of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V coupons 等离子电解抛光诱导的增材制造 Ti-6Al-4V 试样表面化学和结构演变

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131557

Xian Yi Tan , Yee Ng , Tzee Luai Meng , Chen-Nan Sun , Zhaohong Huang , Andrew Chun Yong Ngo , Hongfei Liu

Plasma electrolytic polishing (PEP) was performed on Ti-6Al-4V alloy coupons, which were fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) followed by heat treatment. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were employed to study the surface chemical and crystallographic evolutions associated with material removal and surface smoothening. Unintentional surface contaminations due to post-LPBF heat treatment, resulted in iron and titanium oxynitrides. XRF revealed that chemical etching using Kroll's reagent led to a decrease in the relative content of Al compared to Ti and V. In contrast, the relative content of Al and V, especially the former, increased while that of Ti decreased after the PEP process, with the voltage ranged from 275 to 350 V. Remarkable surface smoothening (up to 59.8 % and 46.6 % reductions in R_a and R_z, respectively) was achieved by the PEP process for 5 min, regardless of the contamination and high initial surface roughness of over 12 (120) μm in R_a (R_z). The surface smoothening mechanism was discussed based on the removal of nonmelted and/or semi-melted particles as well as the oxidation/oxynitridation and dissolution of large surface features. These observations shed new light on PEP for surface finishing of additively manufactured near-net-shape metallic components.

等离子电解抛光（PEP）是在 Ti-6Al-4V 合金试样上进行的，试样是通过激光粉末床熔融（LPBF）制造的，然后进行了热处理。采用 X 射线荧光 (XRF)、X 射线光电子能谱和 X 射线衍射来研究与材料去除和表面平滑化相关的表面化学和晶体学演变。LPBF 后热处理造成的无意表面污染产生了铁和钛氧化物。XRF 显示，与 Ti 和 V 相比，使用 Kroll 试剂进行化学蚀刻会导致 Al 的相对含量下降。相反，在 PEP 工艺（电压范围为 275 至 350 V）之后，Al 和 V（尤其是前者）的相对含量增加，而 Ti 的相对含量下降。在 5 分钟的 PEP 过程中，无论是否存在污染以及初始表面粗糙度是否超过 12 (120) μm（Ra（Rz）），都实现了显著的表面平滑化（Ra 和 Rz 分别降低了 59.8% 和 46.6%）。根据非熔化和/或半熔化颗粒的去除以及大表面特征的氧化/氧化氮化和溶解，对表面平滑化机制进行了讨论。这些观察结果为 PEP 在快速成型近净形金属部件的表面精加工方面提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure and corrosion properties of CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy coating by temperature field-assisted laser cladding 温度场辅助激光熔覆 CrMnFeCoNi 高熵合金镀层的微观结构和腐蚀特性

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131473

Bangping Gu , Hanxu Zhang , Yansong Wang , Guanhua Xu , Chenmeng Wang , Liqiang Gao , Jiahao Chu , Yuchen Yang

The CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy coatings were prepared on the surface of Q345 steel using a temperature field-assisted laser cladding process, and the effects of the applied temperature field on the cladding coatings were studied. The microstructures and corrosion morphologies of the coatings were observed, and the elemental distribution, hardness, effective elastic modulus, electrochemical corrosion performance, and corrosion products of different coatings were analyzed. The results show that the porosity of the HEA coatings prepared with a temperature field is reduced to below 50 % of the initial level. The microstructure of the coating changed, with the nanoindentation hardness of the coating increasing by up to 0.55 GPa, enhancing the mechanical properties. Among all the coatings, the coating prepared at 250 °C temperature field exhibited the best corrosion resistance, with corrosion potential and current density of −0.27 V and 0.15 μA/cm², respectively, improving the corrosion potential by 0.1 V and reducing the current density by 1.08 μA/cm² compared to the sample prepared at room temperature. After incorporating the temperature field, the stability of the passive film on the coating during corrosion improved, and the nucleation rate of pitting decreased. Therefore, incorporating an appropriate temperature field during laser cladding can effectively enhance the overall performance of the CrMnFeCoNi HEA coating.

采用温度场辅助激光熔覆工艺在 Q345 钢表面制备了 CrMnFeCoNi 高熵合金镀层，研究了外加温度场对熔覆镀层的影响。观察了涂层的微观结构和腐蚀形貌，分析了不同涂层的元素分布、硬度、有效弹性模量、电化学腐蚀性能和腐蚀产物。结果表明，用温度场制备的 HEA 涂层的孔隙率降低到初始水平的 50% 以下。涂层的微观结构发生了变化，涂层的纳米压痕硬度增加了 0.55 GPa，提高了机械性能。在所有涂层中，250 °C 温度场下制备的涂层表现出最好的耐腐蚀性，腐蚀电位和电流密度分别为-0.27 V 和 0.15 μA/cm2，与室温下制备的样品相比，腐蚀电位提高了 0.1 V，电流密度降低了 1.08 μA/cm2。加入温度场后，涂层上的被动膜在腐蚀过程中的稳定性得到改善，点蚀成核率降低。因此，在激光熔覆过程中加入适当的温度场可有效提高铬锰铁钴镍 HEA 涂层的整体性能。

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引用次数: 0

Phase composition of sputter deposited tungsten thin films 溅射沉积钨薄膜的相组成

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131447

F. Ahangarani Farahani, D. Depla

Sputter deposited tungsten thin films are studied by X-ray diffraction. Two phases can be identified:

α

-W and

β

-W based on the observed (110), and (200) and (210) Bragg reflections, respectively. With increasing film thickness (50 to 200 nm), the phase composition shifts from

β

-W towards

α

-W. No influence of the base pressure (3 × 10⁻³–3 × 10⁻⁵ Pa) on the phase composition is observed. Also the influence of the argon pressure (0.3 to 0.7 Pa) is rather weak. The strongest shift towards

α

-W composed thin films is obtained by increasing the discharge power (50 to 250 W). This trend is further studied by energy flux measurements using a calorimetric probe. These measurements rule out a strong change of the substrate temperature, and an impact of the energy flux scaled by the deposition rate (total energy per deposited atom). Test particle Monte Carlo simulations reveal the importance of the momentum of the reflected argon neutrals on the phase composition. The maximum energy of these species is mainly defined by the discharge voltage, and is higher than the directional dependent displacement energy of W. Despite the significant correlation between phase composition and the number of displacement per deposited atom, there is a strong scatter of the phase composition. As the deposition conditions were varied in random way, changes of the target erosion profile, and the changing discharge voltage over each series are probably partially responsible for the observed scatter. This scatter is also enhanced by the long term changes in the phase composition towards the more thermodynamic stable

α

-W phase.

通过 X 射线衍射研究了溅射沉积钨薄膜。根据观察到的(110)、(200)和(210)根据观察到的(110)、(200)和(210)布拉格反射，分别确定了两种相：α-W 和 β-W。随着薄膜厚度（50 至 200 nm）的增加，相组成从 β-W 转向 α-W。基底压力（3 × 10-3-3 × 10-5 Pa）对相组成没有影响。氩气压力（0.3 至 0.7 Pa）的影响也很微弱。增加放电功率（50 到 250 W）时，薄膜向 α-W 构成的转变最为明显。使用量热探测器测量能量通量进一步研究了这一趋势。这些测量结果排除了基底温度发生强烈变化的可能性，也排除了能量通量受沉积率（每个沉积原子的总能量）影响的可能性。测试粒子蒙特卡洛模拟揭示了反射氩中子的动量对相组成的重要性。尽管相组成与每个沉积原子的位移数之间存在显著的相关性，但相组成却有很大的分散性。由于沉积条件是随机变化的，目标侵蚀轮廓的变化以及每个系列放电电压的变化可能是造成观察到的散射的部分原因。相组成长期向热力学上更稳定的 α-W 相变化也加剧了这种散射。

{"title":"Phase composition of sputter deposited tungsten thin films","authors":"F. Ahangarani Farahani, D. Depla","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sputter deposited tungsten thin films are studied by X-ray diffraction. Two phases can be identified: <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-W and <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>-W based on the observed (110), and (200) and (210) Bragg reflections, respectively. With increasing film thickness (50 to 200 nm), the phase composition shifts from <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>-W towards <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-W. No influence of the base pressure (3 × 10<sup>−3</sup>–3 × 10<sup>−5</sup> Pa) on the phase composition is observed. Also the influence of the argon pressure (0.3 to 0.7 Pa) is rather weak. The strongest shift towards <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-W composed thin films is obtained by increasing the discharge power (50 to 250 W). This trend is further studied by energy flux measurements using a calorimetric probe. These measurements rule out a strong change of the substrate temperature, and an impact of the energy flux scaled by the deposition rate (total energy per deposited atom). Test particle Monte Carlo simulations reveal the importance of the momentum of the reflected argon neutrals on the phase composition. The maximum energy of these species is mainly defined by the discharge voltage, and is higher than the directional dependent displacement energy of W. Despite the significant correlation between phase composition and the number of displacement per deposited atom, there is a strong scatter of the phase composition. As the deposition conditions were varied in random way, changes of the target erosion profile, and the changing discharge voltage over each series are probably partially responsible for the observed scatter. This scatter is also enhanced by the long term changes in the phase composition towards the more thermodynamic stable <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-W phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 131447"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of corrosion resistance offered by the Fe-based clad layer under salt spray and electrochemical workstations 盐雾和电化学工作站条件下铁基覆层的耐腐蚀性能研究

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131482

Kun Ma , Detao Liu , Yanhai Cheng , Yixing Wan , Huaiwei Ren , Natarajan Jeyaprakash , Hainan Wang , Jinyong Yang

The present work aims to evaluate the electrochemical characteristics of the Fe–based alloy coating formed on the 27SiMn steel substrate under neutral salt spray and 3.5 wt% NaCl environments. By adopting the high-speed laser cladding technique, the Fe-based clad layer was fabricated to perform microstructural and electrochemical characterizations. The microstructure and phase of the coating were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and its corrosion performance was also discussed using the salt spray corrosion chamber and the electrochemical workstation. The results show that the microstructure of the coating surface contains equiaxed crystals and long dendritic crystals which arise due to the higher solidification rate after the cladding process. The Fe–based coating was rich in FeCr phase throughout its microstructure without the formation of the intermetallic compounds. Compared to the substrate, the corroded surface of the coating tends to be compact containing a few corrosion pits after different corrosion times, which is attributed to the formation of Cr oxide on it. The electrochemical tests on the potentiodynamic polarization curve (PPC) and electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) indicate that the corrosion resistance of the coating is superior to the substrate, presenting a higher corrosion potential (−0.298 V), lower passive current density (1.36 × 10⁻⁶ A•cm²), and higher charge transfer resistance (8.23 × 10⁶ Ω·cm²). Additionally, the corrosion mechanism of coating in salt spray and electrochemical tests is the local pitting corrosion due to the autocatalytic effect on the localized region, which facilitates Cl⁻ ions penetrating the coating and leads to the dissolution of Fe and Cr oxides.

本研究旨在评估在中性盐雾和 3.5 wt% 氯化钠环境下 27SiMn 钢基体上形成的铁基合金镀层的电化学特性。通过采用高速激光熔覆技术，制备了铁基熔覆层，并对其进行了微观结构和电化学特性分析。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、电子反向散射衍射（EBSD）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）分析了涂层的微观结构和相位，并使用盐雾腐蚀室和电化学工作站讨论了其腐蚀性能。结果表明，涂层表面的微观结构包含等轴晶和长树枝状晶体，这是因为包覆过程后的凝固速率较高而产生的。铁基涂层的整个微观结构中富含铁铬相，没有形成金属间化合物。与基体相比，在不同的腐蚀时间后，涂层的腐蚀表面趋于致密，含有少量腐蚀坑，这归因于其上氧化铬的形成。电位极化曲线（PPC）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）的电化学测试表明，涂层的耐腐蚀性优于基体，具有更高的腐蚀电位（-0.298 V）、更低的被动电流密度（1.36 × 10-6 A-cm2）和更高的电荷转移电阻（8.23 × 106 Ω-cm2）。此外，盐雾和电化学测试中涂层的腐蚀机理是局部点蚀，这是由于局部区域的自催化作用促进了 Cl- 离子穿透涂层并导致铁和铬氧化物的溶解。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly fabrication of robust superhydrophobic coating with excellent anti-corrosion and anti-icing properties through using submillimeter particles as protective structure 利用亚毫米微粒作为保护结构，以环保方式制造出具有优异防腐蚀和防结冰性能的坚固超疏水涂层

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131494

Xinyi Li , Yahui Wu , Xiang Lin , Zijie Zhang , Tao Hu , Lihua Jiang , Ting Xiao , Xinyu Tan

Constructing superhydrophobic surfaces is a promising method for enhancing the anti-corrosion and anti-icing properties of metal materials. However, it is still a challenge to obtain robust superhydrophobic surfaces on metal substrate through simple and environmentally friendly methods. In this study, a robust superhydrophobic coating was fabricated on an aluminum substrate using a simple two-step method, i.e., sprinkling B₄C submillimeter particles onto the aluminum substrate coated with epoxy resin (EP) to construct submillitmeter protective structure, and then dipping a mixture of EP/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/hydrophobic SiO₂ nanoparticles to impart superhydrophobicity. The mechanical robustness of the coating was evaluated using sandpaper abrasion, 3 M tape peeling, and sand impact tests. The results displayed that the coating maintained its superhydrophobicity after 16 m of sandpaper abrasion (3.2 kPa), 60 cycles of 3 M tape peeling, and 2500 g of sand impact, indicating the good resistance of the coating to different mechanical damages. The anti-corrosion property of the coating was measured by the electrochemistry tests, and the results confirmed that the coating possessed excellent anti-corrosion property with 34.06 times lower corrosion current density than the bare aluminum. The anti-icing property of the coating was assessed by freezing delayed time and de-icing force tests, and the results demonstrated that coating had outstanding anti-icing property with 730 s longer freezing delay time and 3–4-folds lower de-icing force than the bare aluminum. It can be excepted that the coating has a promising prospect in practical application due to its simple fabrication, good anti-corrosion and anti-icing properties and remarkable mechanical robustness.

构建超疏水表面是增强金属材料防腐蚀和防结冰性能的一种可行方法。然而，通过简单、环保的方法在金属基底上获得坚固的超疏水表面仍是一项挑战。本研究采用简单的两步法，即在涂有环氧树脂（EP）的铝基材上撒上 B4C 亚毫米颗粒以构建亚毫米防护结构，然后浸渍 EP/ 聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）/ 疏水 SiO2 纳米颗粒的混合物以赋予其超疏水性，在铝基材上制作了坚固的超疏水涂层。涂层的机械坚固性通过砂纸磨损、3 M 胶带剥离和沙粒冲击测试进行了评估。结果表明，涂层在经过 16 m 的砂纸磨损（3.2 kPa）、60 次 3 M 胶带剥离和 2500 g 的砂粒冲击后仍能保持其超疏水性，表明涂层具有良好的抗不同机械损伤能力。电化学试验测定了涂层的抗腐蚀性能，结果表明涂层具有优异的抗腐蚀性能，其腐蚀电流密度比裸铝低 34.06 倍。通过冰冻延迟时间和除冰力测试评估了涂层的抗冰性能，结果表明涂层具有出色的抗冰性能，冰冻延迟时间比裸铝长 730 秒，除冰力比裸铝低 3-4 倍。可以说，该涂层具有制作简单、防腐防冰性能好、机械坚固耐用等优点，在实际应用中具有广阔的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Deposition behaviour of FeCrMnNiCo coatings deposited using mechanically alloyed powder: Comparing Cold Spray, HVOF, HVAF, and Laser Cladding processes 使用机械合金粉末沉积的铁铬镍钴涂层的沉积特性：冷喷、HVOF、HVAF 和激光熔覆工艺比较

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131548

Deepak Sharma , Ahamed Ameen , Ali Alperen Bakir , Dibakor Boruah , Emily Davison , Krzysztof Wieczerzak , Krzysztof Maćkosz , Alvise Bianchin , Shiladitya Paul

This study examined the characteristics of mechanically alloyed (MA) Cantor alloy powder and the coatings produced from it using various deposition techniques, including cold spray (CS), high-velocity oxy-fuel, high-velocity air-fuel, and laser cladding (LC). Microstructure analysis of the MA powder revealed an irregular morphology and incomplete elemental mixing. The microstructure of the CS coating displayed an FCC crystal structure, with some XRD peaks corresponding to BCC phases due to the presence of unmixed elements. In contrast, all other coatings also exhibited oxides alongside FCC and BCC phases, with the LC coating containing a higher concentration of oxides. These coatings demonstrated high density and diverse microstructures, with CS coatings demonstrating effective transfer of powder microstructure. The CS coating had the highest hardness (679 ± 17 HV_0.1) due to the retention of deformed microstructure from the powder, whilst the LC coating had the lowest hardness (215 ± 10 HV_0.1). CALPHAD calculations using Thermo-Calc suggest that the presence of oxides in the coatings could be thermodynamically feasible, depending on the conditions. Deposition efficiency varied significantly among the methods, with LC achieving the highest efficiency (63 ± 6 %) and CS the lowest (14 ± 1 %).

本研究考察了机械合金（MA）康托合金粉的特性，以及利用冷喷（CS）、高速纯氧燃料、高速空气燃料和激光熔覆（LC）等各种沉积技术生产的涂层。对 MA 粉末的微观结构分析表明，其形态不规则，元素混合不完全。CS 涂层的微观结构显示出 FCC 晶体结构，由于存在未混合的元素，一些 XRD 峰对应于 BCC 相。相比之下，所有其他涂层在显示 FCC 和 BCC 相的同时也显示出氧化物，其中 LC 涂层含有更高浓度的氧化物。这些涂层显示出高密度和多样化的微观结构，其中 CS 涂层显示出粉末微观结构的有效转移。由于保留了粉末的变形微观结构，CS 涂层的硬度最高（679 ± 17 HV0.1），而 LC 涂层的硬度最低（215 ± 10 HV0.1）。使用 Thermo-Calc 进行的 CALPHAD 计算表明，涂层中存在氧化物在热力学上是可行的，这取决于条件。各种方法的沉积效率差异很大，LC 的效率最高（63 ± 6 %），CS 的效率最低（14 ± 1 %）。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of laser remelting on the microstructures and properties of NiCoCrAlY-based coatings prepared by high-speed air fuel supersonic flame (HVAF) 激光重熔对高速空气燃料超音速火焰 (HVAF) 制备的镍钴铬铝基合金涂层微观结构和性能的影响

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131511

Yichuan Yin , Guofeng Han , Xiaoming Wang , Sheng Zhu , Wenyu Wang , Yang Zhao , Jian Gao , Sen Yang

In order to improve the oxidation resistance of the coating, laser remelting technology was used to remelt the HVAF multi-component modified coating. The influence of laser remelting technology on the phase state, microstructure characteristics, and isothermal oxidation behavior of coatings was studied. The experimental results indicate that a coating with complete morphology and no defects was obtained on the surface. There is a significant amount of metallurgical bonding and partial mechanical interlocking between the remelted layer and the substrate. The remelted layer is mainly composed of β-NiAl phase, accompanied by a small amount of γ′ phase and oxide phase. The microhardness test results show that the average hardness of the remelted layer is 1.1–1.42 times that of the prepared coating, and the bonding strength has increased by 23 %. After 100 h of high-temperature oxidation, the oxidation rate of the 4N3T4H remelted layer is the lowest, at 1.5 × 10⁻¹⁵ cm²/s, which is one order of magnitude lower than that of the as-sprayed coating. This is because after laser remelting, the remelted layer has the inherent hysteresis diffusion effect of HEA, which can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the remelted layer and basically eliminate many pores and cracks contained in the HVAF coating. The coating density is significantly increased, which is conducive to hindering the diffusion of oxygen. Meanwhile, the oxide of HVAF coating mainly accumulates at pores and cracks, and there is no or late formation of uniform and dense oxide film on the surface. The surface of the remelted coating after oxidation forms a relatively uniform and dense oxide film, providing more effective protection for the substrate.

为了提高涂层的抗氧化性，采用激光重熔技术重熔了 HVAF 多组分改性涂层。研究了激光重熔技术对涂层相态、微观结构特征和等温氧化行为的影响。实验结果表明，涂层表面形态完整，无缺陷。重熔层和基体之间存在大量的冶金结合和部分机械互锁。重熔层主要由 β-NiAl 相组成，并伴有少量的 γ′ 相和氧化物相。显微硬度测试结果表明，重熔层的平均硬度是制备涂层的 1.1-1.42 倍，结合强度提高了 23%。经过 100 小时的高温氧化后，4N3T4H 重熔层的氧化速率最低，为 1.5 × 10-15 cm2/s，比原样喷涂涂层的氧化速率低一个数量级。这是因为激光重熔后，重熔层具有 HEA 固有的滞后扩散效应，可以提高重熔层的高温抗氧化性，从根本上消除 HVAF 涂层中含有的许多气孔和裂纹。涂层密度明显增加，有利于阻碍氧气的扩散。同时，HVAF 涂层的氧化物主要聚集在孔隙和裂缝处，表面没有形成或较晚形成均匀致密的氧化膜。氧化后的重熔涂层表面会形成相对均匀致密的氧化膜，为基材提供更有效的保护。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing durability and oil-water separation efficiency with plasma-treated graphene oxide coated mesh 利用经等离子处理的氧化石墨烯涂层滤网提高耐久性和油水分离效率

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2024.131495

Jashaswinee Swain, Bhumireddy Himajaa Reddy, Nandini Bhandaru

In recent years, there has been a surge in interest surrounding the fabrication and utilization of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces, driven by their exceptional functionalities and properties. Graphene Oxide (GO) has inherent hydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity, which has made this material a particularly capable candidate for oil-water separation. Addressing the persistent challenge of efficient oil-water separation in industrial contexts, this study presents the fabrication of a GO-coated stainless steel mesh via a facile dip coating method augmented by an intermediate two-step O₂ plasma treatment. The coated meshes were tested with various oil and water mixtures, including neutral, acidic, saline, and hot water, to find separation efficiency and recyclability. Notably, the meshes can achieve excellent separation efficiency of approximately 98.9 % and a superior flux of 11,464 L m⁻² h⁻¹ driven by gravity. This is a significant improvement over GO-coated meshes without O₂ plasma treatment. Moreover, the plasma-treated meshes exhibit robust long-term durability and chemical stability, maintaining high underwater oil contact angles ≥119° even after extended immersion in diverse pH mediums and salt solutions for 150 days. This work showcases the practical viability of plasma-treated GO-coated meshes for oil-water separation applications and establishes a framework for systematically evaluating their long-term performance in harsh immersion conditions.

近年来，在超疏水和超亲水表面的特殊功能和特性的推动下，人们对制造和利用这些表面的兴趣激增。氧化石墨烯（GO）具有固有的亲水性和水下超疏水性，这使得这种材料特别适合用于油水分离。为了应对工业环境中高效油水分离的长期挑战，本研究通过一种简便的浸涂方法，并辅以中间的两步 O2 等离子处理，制备了一种涂有 GO 的不锈钢网。研究人员用各种油水混合物（包括中性水、酸性水、盐水和热水）对涂有 GO 涂层的不锈钢网进行了测试，以了解其分离效率和可回收性。值得注意的是，在重力的驱动下，网格的分离效率高达约 98.9%，通量高达 11,464 L m-2 h-1。与没有经过 O2 等离子处理的 GO 涂层网格相比，这是一个重大改进。此外，经过等离子体处理的网格还具有很强的长期耐久性和化学稳定性，即使在不同 pH 值的介质和盐溶液中长时间浸泡 150 天，仍能保持较高的水下油接触角 ≥119°。这项工作展示了等离子体处理过的 GO 涂层网格在油水分离应用中的实际可行性，并为系统评估其在恶劣浸泡条件下的长期性能建立了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0