Biochar mediated fixation of nitrogen compounds (ammonia and nitrite) in soil: a review

IF 3.2 4区生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Biodegradation Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI:10.1007/s10532-025-10116-6

Arti Chamoli, Santosh Kumar Karn, Moni Kumari, Elayaraja Sivaramasamy

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Abstract

Biochar (BC) is a carbon-rich material created from biomass pyrolysis. It is an efficient addition for reducing ammonia inhibition due to its large specific surface area, porosity, conductivity, redox characteristics, and functional groups making it favorable for both soil and water remediation. The efficacy of biochar on the N cycle is associated with biochar properties which are mainly affected by feedstock type and pyrolysis condition. The addition of BC to soil affects nitrogen adsorption pathways. Other advantages include improved soil fertility, nutrient immobilization, and slow-release carbon storage. Biochar adsorption of ammonia reduces ammonia (NH₃) and nitrate (NO₃) losses during composting after manure applications and provides a method for creating slow-release fertilizers. Depending on the N source and the properties of the biochar, NH₃ loss reductions vary. Besides improving soil dynamics, BC can also be used in wastewater treatment. Engineered or designer biochar is positioned as a promising material for wastewater treatment due to its enhanced properties and versatility.

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生物炭介导的氮化合物（氨和亚硝酸盐）在土壤中的固定：综述

生物炭（BC）是一种由生物质热解产生的富含碳的物质。由于其大的比表面积、孔隙度、电导率、氧化还原特性和官能团，它是一种有效的减少氨抑制的添加剂，有利于土壤和水的修复。生物炭对氮循环的影响与生物炭的性质有关，主要受原料类型和热解条件的影响。向土壤中添加BC影响氮素的吸附途径。其他优点包括提高土壤肥力，养分固定和缓慢释放的碳储存。生物炭对氨的吸附减少了施用粪肥后堆肥过程中氨（NH3）和硝态氮（NO3）的损失，为制造缓释肥料提供了一种方法。根据N源和生物炭的性质，NH3损失的减少有所不同。除改善土壤动力学外，BC还可用于废水处理。工程或设计生物炭由于其增强的性能和多功能性而被定位为废水处理的有前途的材料。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biodegradation 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Biodegradation publishes papers, reviews and mini-reviews on the biotransformation, mineralization, detoxification, recycling, amelioration or treatment of chemicals or waste materials by naturally-occurring microbial strains, microbial associations, or recombinant organisms. Coverage spans a range of topics, including Biochemistry of biodegradative pathways; Genetics of biodegradative organisms and development of recombinant biodegrading organisms; Molecular biology-based studies of biodegradative microbial communities; Enhancement of naturally-occurring biodegradative properties and activities. Also featured are novel applications of biodegradation and biotransformation technology, to soil, water, sewage, heavy metals and radionuclides, organohalogens, high-COD wastes, straight-, branched-chain and aromatic hydrocarbons; Coverage extends to design and scale-up of laboratory processes and bioreactor systems. Also offered are papers on economic and legal aspects of biological treatment of waste.