Evaluating industrial wastes in the system with minimum preprocessing and generation economically valuable products from them have critical importance. In this regard, especially cheap, wieldy, and readily available catalysts have been researched to increase variety of useful products in pyrolysis systems, to reduce process time, and to increase quality and diversity of products. Therefore, in this study, marble sludge (named K1) was evaluated as catalyst at different dosages (10%, 20%, 30%, 50%) and pyrolysis temperatures (300, 500, 700 °C) in olive pomace (OP) pyrolysis and; the potential green applications of produced new biochars at new usage areas with different purposes based on characteristics were investigated. ANOVA test results showed that temperature and catalysts ratio had significant effect on pyrolysis product yields since significance value for K1 and temperature was lower than 0.05 for pyrolysis products. OP-K1 biochars had alkaline properties and high earth metal quantities. Moreover, increment in K1 ratio and temperature resulted in decrement of the biochar surface acidity. Therefore, it can be indicated that these biochars can have a potential usage for anaerobic digestion processes, lithium-ion batteries, and direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) but further electrochemical property test should be performed. Moreover, produced biochars can be alternative fuels in some processes instead of coal since they have low S content and high heat values. Consequently, it is foreseen that produced biochars will have an important place in the development of potential usage areas with a new and environmentally friendly approach in different areas apart from the conventional uses of catalytic pyrolysis chars.
评估系统中的工业废料,将预处理减至最少,并从中生成有经济价值的产品,这一点至关重要。在这方面,人们研究了特别便宜、易得的催化剂,以增加热解系统中有用产品的种类,缩短工艺时间,提高产品质量和多样性。因此,本研究评估了大理石污泥(命名为 K1)作为催化剂在橄榄渣(OP)热解过程中的不同用量(10%、20%、30%、50%)和热解温度(300、500、700 °C),并根据其特性研究了所生产的新生物炭在新用途领域的潜在绿色应用。方差分析测试结果表明,温度和催化剂比例对热解产物产量有显著影响,因为 K1 和温度对热解产物的显著性值低于 0.05。OP-K1 生物炭具有碱性和较高的土金属含量。此外,K1 比率和温度的增加导致生物炭表面酸度降低。因此,这些生物炭有可能用于厌氧消化工艺、锂离子电池和直接碳固体氧化物燃料电池(DC-SOFC),但还需要进行进一步的电化学性能测试。此外,生产出的生物沥青由于 S 含量低、热值高,在某些工艺中可以代替煤炭作为替代燃料。因此,除了催化热解炭的传统用途外,预计生物炭将在不同领域的潜在用途开发中占据重要地位,并采用一种新型的环保方法。
{"title":"Alternative green application areas for olive pomace catalytic pyrolysis biochar obtained via marble sludge catalyst.","authors":"Gamze Goktepeli, Afra Ozgan, Vildan Onen, Gulnare Ahmetli, Merve Kalem, Esra Yel","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10088-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-024-10088-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluating industrial wastes in the system with minimum preprocessing and generation economically valuable products from them have critical importance. In this regard, especially cheap, wieldy, and readily available catalysts have been researched to increase variety of useful products in pyrolysis systems, to reduce process time, and to increase quality and diversity of products. Therefore, in this study, marble sludge (named K1) was evaluated as catalyst at different dosages (10%, 20%, 30%, 50%) and pyrolysis temperatures (300, 500, 700 °C) in olive pomace (OP) pyrolysis and; the potential green applications of produced new biochars at new usage areas with different purposes based on characteristics were investigated. ANOVA test results showed that temperature and catalysts ratio had significant effect on pyrolysis product yields since significance value for K1 and temperature was lower than 0.05 for pyrolysis products. OP-K1 biochars had alkaline properties and high earth metal quantities. Moreover, increment in K1 ratio and temperature resulted in decrement of the biochar surface acidity. Therefore, it can be indicated that these biochars can have a potential usage for anaerobic digestion processes, lithium-ion batteries, and direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) but further electrochemical property test should be performed. Moreover, produced biochars can be alternative fuels in some processes instead of coal since they have low S content and high heat values. Consequently, it is foreseen that produced biochars will have an important place in the development of potential usage areas with a new and environmentally friendly approach in different areas apart from the conventional uses of catalytic pyrolysis chars.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-01-23DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10066-x
Monireh Besharati Vineh, Amir Ali Poostchi, Davood Kordestani, Mahmoud Karami Qushehbolagh, Ali Akbar Saboury
The process of mechanically stirred membrane reactor containing the suspension of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on synthesized nanocomposite (Tau-SiO2@Fe3O4-GO) was designed for continuous degradation of tetracycline. The immobilized HRP was characterized in terms of kinetic parameters and catalytic activities as these parameters were improved highly through immobilization. The stability indices including pH and temperature were investigated in parallel. The immobilized HRP was more tolerable to pH changes as compared to free HRP and the optimum temperature obtained at 40 °C. The reusability of HRP was promoted by immobilization as far as 70% of initial activity after ten cycles. The enzymatic degradation of optimum concentration of tetracycline was carried out in batch condition and 100% of tetracycline removed after 30 min. The results also showed that higher concentration of H2O2 exhibited more oxidation of tetracycline. The optimal ratio of HRP/H2O2 was also obtained at 0.005. The simultaneous process including separation and the biocatalytic degradation established in the membrane stirrer reactor concluded that no amount of tetracycline was observed in the permeate stream coming from the membrane after 30 min of operation.
{"title":"Mechanically stirred enzymatic membrane reactor containing HRP immobilized on Tau-SiO<sub>2</sub>@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-GO nanocomposite for removal of tetracycline in synthetically concocted wastewater.","authors":"Monireh Besharati Vineh, Amir Ali Poostchi, Davood Kordestani, Mahmoud Karami Qushehbolagh, Ali Akbar Saboury","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10066-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10066-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The process of mechanically stirred membrane reactor containing the suspension of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilized on synthesized nanocomposite (Tau-SiO<sub>2</sub>@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-GO) was designed for continuous degradation of tetracycline. The immobilized HRP was characterized in terms of kinetic parameters and catalytic activities as these parameters were improved highly through immobilization. The stability indices including pH and temperature were investigated in parallel. The immobilized HRP was more tolerable to pH changes as compared to free HRP and the optimum temperature obtained at 40 °C. The reusability of HRP was promoted by immobilization as far as 70% of initial activity after ten cycles. The enzymatic degradation of optimum concentration of tetracycline was carried out in batch condition and 100% of tetracycline removed after 30 min. The results also showed that higher concentration of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> exhibited more oxidation of tetracycline. The optimal ratio of HRP/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was also obtained at 0.005. The simultaneous process including separation and the biocatalytic degradation established in the membrane stirrer reactor concluded that no amount of tetracycline was observed in the permeate stream coming from the membrane after 30 min of operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139519475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10056-z
Muhammad Shahid, Waqar Ahmed, Abdul Basit Khan, Zafar Iqbal Shams, Afsheen Arif
Composting is a process of microbial degradation of organic waste and is commonly applied for waste management. This is a slow process and requires a lot of land and human resources. The present study investigated mechanical augmentation with required microbial culture for composting municipal solid waste (MSW). Thirty isolates were subjected to 16S rDNA PCR amplification and gene sequencing. The isolates' sequencing from the compost samples was processed on BLASTn. Fourteen strains were identified for further experiments. The results divulge that Empedobacter (04), Bacillus (02), Proteus (02), Lactiplantibacillus (01), Klebsiella (01), Citrobacter (01), Brevibacillus (01), E. coli (01) and one unidentified strain were growing during composting. Eleven combinations of bacterial consortium and respective additives were applied for the organic waste decomposition in the next stage, resulting in varied completion periods ranging from 3 to 14 days. Two combinations were completed within 3 days, which are considered ideal combinations for composting. The microbial consortium was significantly diverse, which is a reason for rapid biodegradation. The present study reveals that the technology will be highly feasible for municipal solid waste management in tropical/subtropical countries.
{"title":"Identification of bacterial community in a rapid composting method using 16SrDNA genes sequencing.","authors":"Muhammad Shahid, Waqar Ahmed, Abdul Basit Khan, Zafar Iqbal Shams, Afsheen Arif","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10056-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10056-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Composting is a process of microbial degradation of organic waste and is commonly applied for waste management. This is a slow process and requires a lot of land and human resources. The present study investigated mechanical augmentation with required microbial culture for composting municipal solid waste (MSW). Thirty isolates were subjected to 16S rDNA PCR amplification and gene sequencing. The isolates' sequencing from the compost samples was processed on BLASTn. Fourteen strains were identified for further experiments. The results divulge that Empedobacter (04), Bacillus (02), Proteus (02), Lactiplantibacillus (01), Klebsiella (01), Citrobacter (01), Brevibacillus (01), E. coli (01) and one unidentified strain were growing during composting. Eleven combinations of bacterial consortium and respective additives were applied for the organic waste decomposition in the next stage, resulting in varied completion periods ranging from 3 to 14 days. Two combinations were completed within 3 days, which are considered ideal combinations for composting. The microbial consortium was significantly diverse, which is a reason for rapid biodegradation. The present study reveals that the technology will be highly feasible for municipal solid waste management in tropical/subtropical countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138175174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10048-z
Ruth Amanna, Sudip K Rakshit
Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalic acid (PET) has been gaining increasing importance. This has resulted in a significant increase in the search for newer enzymes and the development of more efficient enzyme-based systems. Due to the lack of a standard screening process, screening new enzymes has relied on other assays to determine the presence of esterase activity. This, in turn, has led to various nomenclatures and methods used to describe them and measure their activity. Since all PET-hydrolyzing enzymes are α/β hydrolases, they catalyze a serine nucleophilic attack and cleave an ester bond. They are lipases, esterases, cutinases and hydrolases. This has been used interchangeably, leading to difficulties while comparing results and evaluating progress. This review discusses the varied enzyme nomenclature being adapted, the different assays and analysis methods reported, and the strategies used to increase PET-hydrolyzing enzyme efficiency. A section on the various ways to quantify PET hydrolysis is also covered.
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的酶降解越来越重要。因此,寻找新酶和开发更有效的酶基系统的工作大幅增加。由于缺乏标准筛选程序,筛选新酶一直依赖于其他检测方法来确定酯酶活性的存在。这反过来又导致了用于描述这些酶和测量其活性的各种命名和方法。由于所有 PET水解酶都是α/β水解酶,它们催化丝氨酸亲核攻击并裂解酯键。它们是脂肪酶、酯酶、角叉菜酶和水解酶。它们被交替使用,导致在比较结果和评估进展时遇到困难。本综述讨论了所采用的各种酶命名法、所报告的不同检测和分析方法,以及用于提高 PET水解酶效率的策略。此外,还介绍了量化 PET 水解的各种方法。
{"title":"Review of nomenclature and methods of analysis of polyethylene terephthalic acid hydrolyzing enzymes activity.","authors":"Ruth Amanna, Sudip K Rakshit","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10048-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10048-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalic acid (PET) has been gaining increasing importance. This has resulted in a significant increase in the search for newer enzymes and the development of more efficient enzyme-based systems. Due to the lack of a standard screening process, screening new enzymes has relied on other assays to determine the presence of esterase activity. This, in turn, has led to various nomenclatures and methods used to describe them and measure their activity. Since all PET-hydrolyzing enzymes are α/β hydrolases, they catalyze a serine nucleophilic attack and cleave an ester bond. They are lipases, esterases, cutinases and hydrolases. This has been used interchangeably, leading to difficulties while comparing results and evaluating progress. This review discusses the varied enzyme nomenclature being adapted, the different assays and analysis methods reported, and the strategies used to increase PET-hydrolyzing enzyme efficiency. A section on the various ways to quantify PET hydrolysis is also covered.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10188202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10058-x
Ermias Gebrekrstos Tesfamariam, Yi-Hao Luo, Chen Zhou, Ming Ye, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown, Bruce E Rittmann, Youneng Tang
Biodegradation of 1,4-Dioxane at environmentally relevant concentrations usually requires the addition of a primary electron-donor substrate to sustain biomass growth. Ethane is a promising substrate, since it is available as a degradation product of 1,4-Dioxane's common co-contaminants. This study reports kinetic parameters for ethane biodegradation and co-oxidations of ethane and 1,4-Dioxane. Based on experiments combined with mathematical modeling, we found that ethane promoted 1,4-Dioxane biodegradation when the initial mass ratio of ethane:1,4-Dioxane was < 9:1 mg COD/mg COD, while it inhibited 1,4-Dioxane degradation when the ratio was > 9:1. A model-independent estimator was used for kinetic-parameter estimation, and all parameter values for 1,4-Dioxane were consistent with literature-reported ranges. Estimated parameters support competitive inhibition between ethane as the primary substrate and 1,4-Dioxane as the secondary substrate. The results also support that bacteria that co-oxidize ethane and 1,4-Dioxane had a competitive advantage over bacteria that can use only one of the two substrates. The minimum concentration of ethane to sustain ethane-oxidizing bacteria and ethane and 1,4-Dioxane-co-oxidizing bacteria was 0.09 mg COD/L, which is approximately 20-fold lower than the minimum concentration reported for propane, another common substrate used to promote 1,4-Dioxane biodegradation. The minimum 1,4-Dioxane concentration required to sustain steady-state biomass with 1,4-Dioxane as the sole primary substrate was 1.3 mg COD/L. As 1,4-Dioxane concentrations at most groundwater sites are less than 0.18 mg COD/L, providing ethane as a primary substrate is vital to support biomass growth and consequently enable 1,4-Dioxane bioremediation.
{"title":"Simultaneous biodegradation kinetics of 1,4-dioxane and ethane.","authors":"Ermias Gebrekrstos Tesfamariam, Yi-Hao Luo, Chen Zhou, Ming Ye, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown, Bruce E Rittmann, Youneng Tang","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10058-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10058-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biodegradation of 1,4-Dioxane at environmentally relevant concentrations usually requires the addition of a primary electron-donor substrate to sustain biomass growth. Ethane is a promising substrate, since it is available as a degradation product of 1,4-Dioxane's common co-contaminants. This study reports kinetic parameters for ethane biodegradation and co-oxidations of ethane and 1,4-Dioxane. Based on experiments combined with mathematical modeling, we found that ethane promoted 1,4-Dioxane biodegradation when the initial mass ratio of ethane:1,4-Dioxane was < 9:1 mg COD/mg COD, while it inhibited 1,4-Dioxane degradation when the ratio was > 9:1. A model-independent estimator was used for kinetic-parameter estimation, and all parameter values for 1,4-Dioxane were consistent with literature-reported ranges. Estimated parameters support competitive inhibition between ethane as the primary substrate and 1,4-Dioxane as the secondary substrate. The results also support that bacteria that co-oxidize ethane and 1,4-Dioxane had a competitive advantage over bacteria that can use only one of the two substrates. The minimum concentration of ethane to sustain ethane-oxidizing bacteria and ethane and 1,4-Dioxane-co-oxidizing bacteria was 0.09 mg COD/L, which is approximately 20-fold lower than the minimum concentration reported for propane, another common substrate used to promote 1,4-Dioxane biodegradation. The minimum 1,4-Dioxane concentration required to sustain steady-state biomass with 1,4-Dioxane as the sole primary substrate was 1.3 mg COD/L. As 1,4-Dioxane concentrations at most groundwater sites are less than 0.18 mg COD/L, providing ethane as a primary substrate is vital to support biomass growth and consequently enable 1,4-Dioxane bioremediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) studies focus on the threat of pinhole leaks caused by MIC pitting. However, microbes can also lead to structural failures. Tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS) biocide mitigated the microbial degradation of mechanical properties of X80 steel pipeline by Desulfovibrio ferrophilus (IS5 strain), a very corrosive sulfate reducing bacterium. It was found that 100 ppm (w/w) THPS added to the enriched artificial seawater (EASW) culture medium before incubation resulted in 2.8-log reduction in sessile cell count after a 7-d incubation at 28 °C under anaerobic conditions, leading to 94% uniform corrosion rate reduction (from 1.3 to 0.07 mm/a), and 84% pitting corrosion rate reduction (from 0.70 to 0.11 mm/a). The X80 dogbone coupon incubated with 100 ppm THPS for 7 d suffered 3% loss in ultimate tensile strain and 0% loss in ultimate tensile strength compared with the abiotic control in EASW. In comparison, the no-treatment X80 dogbone coupon suffered losses of 13% in ultimate tensile strain and 6% in ultimate tensile stress, demonstrating very good THPS efficacy.
{"title":"Mitigation of Desulfovibrio ferrophilus IS5 degradation of X80 carbon steel mechanical properties using a green biocide.","authors":"Zhong Li, Jike Yang, Shihang Lu, Wenwen Dou, Tingyue Gu","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10063-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10063-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) studies focus on the threat of pinhole leaks caused by MIC pitting. However, microbes can also lead to structural failures. Tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS) biocide mitigated the microbial degradation of mechanical properties of X80 steel pipeline by Desulfovibrio ferrophilus (IS5 strain), a very corrosive sulfate reducing bacterium. It was found that 100 ppm (w/w) THPS added to the enriched artificial seawater (EASW) culture medium before incubation resulted in 2.8-log reduction in sessile cell count after a 7-d incubation at 28 °C under anaerobic conditions, leading to 94% uniform corrosion rate reduction (from 1.3 to 0.07 mm/a), and 84% pitting corrosion rate reduction (from 0.70 to 0.11 mm/a). The X80 dogbone coupon incubated with 100 ppm THPS for 7 d suffered 3% loss in ultimate tensile strain and 0% loss in ultimate tensile strength compared with the abiotic control in EASW. In comparison, the no-treatment X80 dogbone coupon suffered losses of 13% in ultimate tensile strain and 6% in ultimate tensile stress, demonstrating very good THPS efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139519479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10060-3
Jacineumo Falcão de Oliveira, Ronaldo Fia, Ana Flavia Santos Rabelo de Melo, Fátima Resende Luiz Fia, Fernando Neris Rodrigues, Luciene Alves Batista Siniscalchi, Mateus Pimentel de Matos
This study proposes the was to evaluate the stability and methane production with organic load differents in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) treating swine wastewater by methods of multivariate analysis. Four organic loads were used with average hydraulic holding times of one day. The methods of data analysis of linear regression, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were used for understanding stability and methane production in the reactor. The highest concentrations of bicarbonate alkalinity of 683 mg L-1 CaCO3 and total volatile acids of 1418 mg L-1 HAc with maximum organic loading applied were obtained. The optimal stability conditions occurred at an intermediate and partial alkalinity ratio between 0.24 and 0.25 observed in initial phases with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 47-57%. Maximum methane production was 9.0 L CH4 d-1 observed with linear regression positive and occurred at the highest applied organic load, corresponding to the highest COD removal efficiency and increased microbial biomass. Positive and negative correlation between functional stability in anaerobic digestion showed regular activity between acids, alkalinity and organic matter removal. This fact was also proven by the analysis of principal components that showed three components responsible for explaining 83.2% of the data variability, and the alkalinity, organic matter influent and organic acids had the greatest effects on the stability of the UASB reactor. Hierarchical clusters detected the formation of five groupings with a similarity of 50.1%, indicating that temperature and pH were variables with unitary influences on data dimensionality.
{"title":"Organic stabilization and methane production under different organic loading rates in UASB treating swine wastewater.","authors":"Jacineumo Falcão de Oliveira, Ronaldo Fia, Ana Flavia Santos Rabelo de Melo, Fátima Resende Luiz Fia, Fernando Neris Rodrigues, Luciene Alves Batista Siniscalchi, Mateus Pimentel de Matos","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10060-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10060-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study proposes the was to evaluate the stability and methane production with organic load differents in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) treating swine wastewater by methods of multivariate analysis. Four organic loads were used with average hydraulic holding times of one day. The methods of data analysis of linear regression, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis were used for understanding stability and methane production in the reactor. The highest concentrations of bicarbonate alkalinity of 683 mg L<sup>-1</sup> CaCO<sub>3</sub> and total volatile acids of 1418 mg L<sup>-1</sup> HAc with maximum organic loading applied were obtained. The optimal stability conditions occurred at an intermediate and partial alkalinity ratio between 0.24 and 0.25 observed in initial phases with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 47-57%. Maximum methane production was 9.0 L CH<sub>4</sub> d<sup>-1</sup> observed with linear regression positive and occurred at the highest applied organic load, corresponding to the highest COD removal efficiency and increased microbial biomass. Positive and negative correlation between functional stability in anaerobic digestion showed regular activity between acids, alkalinity and organic matter removal. This fact was also proven by the analysis of principal components that showed three components responsible for explaining 83.2% of the data variability, and the alkalinity, organic matter influent and organic acids had the greatest effects on the stability of the UASB reactor. Hierarchical clusters detected the formation of five groupings with a similarity of 50.1%, indicating that temperature and pH were variables with unitary influences on data dimensionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107589912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10064-z
Muhammad Naveed, Rida Naveed, Tariq Aziz, Arooj Azeem, Mahrukh Afzal, Muhammad Waseem, Metab Alharbi, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Abdullah F Alasmari, Thamer H Albekairi
Microplastics pose significant challenges to ecosystems and organisms. They can be ingested by marine and terrestrial species, leading to potential health risks and ecological disruptions. This study aims to address the urgent need for effective remediation strategies by focusing on the biodegradation of microplastics, specifically polyvinyl chloride (PVC) derivatives, using the bacterial strain Bacillus albus. The study provides a comprehensive background on the accumulation of noxious substances in the environment and the importance of harnessing biodegradation as an eco-friendly method for pollutant elimination. The specific objective is to investigate the enzymatic capabilities of Bacillus albus, particularly the alpha/beta hydrolases (ABH), in degrading microplastics. To achieve this, in-silico studies were conducted, including analysis of the ABH protein sequence and its interaction with potential inhibitors targeting PVC derivatives. Docking scores of - 7.2 kcal/mol were obtained to evaluate the efficacy of the interactions. The study demonstrates the promising bioremediation prospects of Bacillus albus for microplastics, highlighting its potential as a key player in addressing microplastic pollution. The findings underscore the urgent need for further experimental validation and practical implementation of Bacillus albus in environmental remediation strategies.
{"title":"Biodegradation of PVCs through in-vitro identification of Bacillus albus and computational pathway analysis of ABH enzyme.","authors":"Muhammad Naveed, Rida Naveed, Tariq Aziz, Arooj Azeem, Mahrukh Afzal, Muhammad Waseem, Metab Alharbi, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Abdullah F Alasmari, Thamer H Albekairi","doi":"10.1007/s10532-023-10064-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10532-023-10064-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics pose significant challenges to ecosystems and organisms. They can be ingested by marine and terrestrial species, leading to potential health risks and ecological disruptions. This study aims to address the urgent need for effective remediation strategies by focusing on the biodegradation of microplastics, specifically polyvinyl chloride (PVC) derivatives, using the bacterial strain Bacillus albus. The study provides a comprehensive background on the accumulation of noxious substances in the environment and the importance of harnessing biodegradation as an eco-friendly method for pollutant elimination. The specific objective is to investigate the enzymatic capabilities of Bacillus albus, particularly the alpha/beta hydrolases (ABH), in degrading microplastics. To achieve this, in-silico studies were conducted, including analysis of the ABH protein sequence and its interaction with potential inhibitors targeting PVC derivatives. Docking scores of - 7.2 kcal/mol were obtained to evaluate the efficacy of the interactions. The study demonstrates the promising bioremediation prospects of Bacillus albus for microplastics, highlighting its potential as a key player in addressing microplastic pollution. The findings underscore the urgent need for further experimental validation and practical implementation of Bacillus albus in environmental remediation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139574373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-23DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10089-y
M E Maya-Yescas, M Gutiérrez-Rojas, M García-Rivero
The main challenge in treating aged soils highly contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) is to enhance their bioavailability for microbial degradation. Hydrocarbons in soils undergo chemical changes that make them more resistant to biodegradation. This study investigates toluene's efficacy in enhancing the biodegradation of aged hydrocarbon-contaminated soil containing 292,000 mg TPH kg-1 dry soil. Toluene's effect was compared between solid phase (SOP) and slurry phase (SLP) treatments using a microbial consortium isolated from Cyperus laxus rhizosphere. TPH biodegradation and microbial respiration were measured, the latter to estimate the respiratory quotient (RQ, the ratio between moles of carbon dioxide released and moles of oxygen absorbed during respiration). Toluene significantly accelerated TPH biodegradation in both treatments, achieving ~ 30% higher removal than in a non-solvent control, possibly through improved bioavailability of aromatic compounds and other low molecular weight compounds. According to the RQ analysis, toluene enhanced microbial respiratory processes and hydrocarbon catabolism with higher hydrocarbon mineralization (RQ = ~ 0.5) in both SOP and SLP assays. Our results reveal toluene's potential to increase hydrocarbon availability and microbial degradation efficiency in aged contaminated soils; its use in various bioremediation techniques could be of broad applicability across diverse soil types and pollutants.
{"title":"Enhancing biodegradation of aged hydrocarbon-contaminated soils through toluene addition: assessing effects on solid and slurry phase treatments.","authors":"M E Maya-Yescas, M Gutiérrez-Rojas, M García-Rivero","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10089-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-024-10089-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main challenge in treating aged soils highly contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) is to enhance their bioavailability for microbial degradation. Hydrocarbons in soils undergo chemical changes that make them more resistant to biodegradation. This study investigates toluene's efficacy in enhancing the biodegradation of aged hydrocarbon-contaminated soil containing 292,000 mg TPH kg<sup>-1</sup> dry soil. Toluene's effect was compared between solid phase (SOP) and slurry phase (SLP) treatments using a microbial consortium isolated from Cyperus laxus rhizosphere. TPH biodegradation and microbial respiration were measured, the latter to estimate the respiratory quotient (RQ, the ratio between moles of carbon dioxide released and moles of oxygen absorbed during respiration). Toluene significantly accelerated TPH biodegradation in both treatments, achieving ~ 30% higher removal than in a non-solvent control, possibly through improved bioavailability of aromatic compounds and other low molecular weight compounds. According to the RQ analysis, toluene enhanced microbial respiratory processes and hydrocarbon catabolism with higher hydrocarbon mineralization (RQ = ~ 0.5) in both SOP and SLP assays. Our results reveal toluene's potential to increase hydrocarbon availability and microbial degradation efficiency in aged contaminated soils; its use in various bioremediation techniques could be of broad applicability across diverse soil types and pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-22DOI: 10.1007/s10532-024-10087-0
Ahmed Y Radeef, Aya A Najim, Haneen A Karaghool, Zaid H Jabbar
The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is considered a modern technology used for treating wastewater and recovering electrical energy. In this study, a new dual technology combining MFC and a specialized biofilter was used. The anodic materials in the system were crushed graphite, either without coating (UFB-MFC) or coated with nanomaterials (nano-UFB-MFC). This biofilter served as a barrier to retain and remove turbidity and suspended solids, while also facilitating the role of bacteria in the removal of organic pollutants, phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, oil and greases. The results demonstrated that both systems exhibited high efficiency in treating kitchen wastewater, specifically greywater and dishwashing wastewater with high detergent concentrations. The removal efficiencies of COD, oil and grease, suspended solids, turbidity, nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates in first UFB-MFC were found to be 88, 95, 89, 86, 87, 75, and 94%, respectively, and in Nano-UFB-MFC were 86, 99, 95, 91, 81, 88, and 95%, respectively, with a high efficiency in recovering bioenergy reaching a value of 1.8 and 1.5 A m-3, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for developing MFC and utilizing it as a domestic system to mitigate pollution risks before discharging wastewater into the sewer network.
{"title":"Sustainable kitchen wastewater treatment with electricity generation using upflow biofilter-microbial fuel cell system.","authors":"Ahmed Y Radeef, Aya A Najim, Haneen A Karaghool, Zaid H Jabbar","doi":"10.1007/s10532-024-10087-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-024-10087-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is considered a modern technology used for treating wastewater and recovering electrical energy. In this study, a new dual technology combining MFC and a specialized biofilter was used. The anodic materials in the system were crushed graphite, either without coating (UFB-MFC) or coated with nanomaterials (nano-UFB-MFC). This biofilter served as a barrier to retain and remove turbidity and suspended solids, while also facilitating the role of bacteria in the removal of organic pollutants, phosphates, nitrates, sulfates, oil and greases. The results demonstrated that both systems exhibited high efficiency in treating kitchen wastewater, specifically greywater and dishwashing wastewater with high detergent concentrations. The removal efficiencies of COD, oil and grease, suspended solids, turbidity, nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates in first UFB-MFC were found to be 88, 95, 89, 86, 87, 75, and 94%, respectively, and in Nano-UFB-MFC were 86, 99, 95, 91, 81, 88, and 95%, respectively, with a high efficiency in recovering bioenergy reaching a value of 1.8 and 1.5 A m<sup>-3</sup>, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate the potential for developing MFC and utilizing it as a domestic system to mitigate pollution risks before discharging wastewater into the sewer network.</p>","PeriodicalId":486,"journal":{"name":"Biodegradation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}