Burden of Musculoskeletal (MSK) Pain and Arthritis in India: A Community Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD—Bone and Joint Decade (BJD)) India Project

IF 2 4区医学 Q2 RHEUMATOLOGY International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI:10.1111/1756-185X.70163

Arvind Chopra, Ashish Jacob Mathew, Rohini Handa, Ghorpade Ravi Parshuram, Sarmukaddam Sanjeev, Vaijayanti Lagu-Joshi, Liyakat Gauri, Rahim Asma, Binoy Paul, Datta Kumar, Sarvajeet Pal, Chaturvedi Sarika, Thakuria Bhaskar, Annil Mahajan, Romi Singh, Alakendu Ghosh, Kumar Tapas, C. P. Rajendran, Anuradha Venugopalan, Manjit Saluja, K. Mahendranath

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Abstract

Background

Several countries have participated in WHO COPCORD. The Global Disease Burden program (GBD) reports selected MSK disorders. We used a COPCORD India protocol to estimate the national burden of MSK disorders.

Materials and Methods

Trained paramedics used standard questionnaires to screen the population and identify respondents with current and/or past MSK pain (non-traumatic) in 12 survey sites (8 rural); cross-sectional design and prospective data. Several standard measures were recorded; MSK pain was self-reported (on human manikin). The site rheumatologist examined each respondent and provided a clinical diagnosis. Pooled data (anonymized) from all sites was analyzed using standard statistical software. Standardized point prevalence rates (adjusted to Indian Census) and odds ratios (risk factors) were calculated: 95% confidence intervals in parentheses.

Results

56 548 population (60% rural, response rate > 70%) was screened; 10 273 respondents (18%, 65% women). The prevalence of MSK pain was 16.14 (14.2, 18.3) and higher in the rural population (20% vs. 10.3%); rheumatoid arthritis 0.34%, undifferentiated inflammatory arthritis 0.22%, spondyloarthritis 0.23%, osteoarthritis 4.39%, Gout 0.05%, chikungunya arthritis 1.2%. Non-specific arthralgias, soft tissue pains, and degenerative arthritis were dominant disorders; 12% of respondents reported inflammatory arthritis. Significant risk factors associated with MSK pain included female gender, poor literacy, non-vegetarian diet, chronic non-MSK illness, past trauma, and tobacco use. Limitations included non-random selection, clinical diagnosis, and limited investigations. However, in comparison to GBD, the COPCORD outcome seemed all-inclusive and clinically meaningful.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of MSK pain and arthritis indicates a huge disease burden in India and prioritizes the need for a national control program.

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印度肌肉骨骼（MSK）疼痛和关节炎负担：以社区为导向的风湿病控制方案（copcord -骨和关节十年（BJD））印度项目

背景一些国家参加了世界卫生组织的 COPCORD。全球疾病负担计划（GBD）报告了部分 MSK 疾病。我们使用 COPCORD 印度协议来估算全国 MSK 疾病的负担。材料和方法在 12 个调查点（8 个农村），经过培训的护理人员使用标准问卷对人群进行筛查，并确定当前和/或过去有 MSK 疼痛（非创伤性）的受访者；采用横断面设计和前瞻性数据。记录了几项标准措施；MSK 疼痛是自我报告的（在人体模型上）。调查地点的风湿病专家对每位受访者进行检查，并提供临床诊断。使用标准统计软件对所有研究地点的汇总数据（匿名）进行了分析。计算了标准化的点流行率（根据印度人口普查进行了调整）和几率比（风险因素）：括号内为 95% 的置信区间。结果筛选出 56 548 人（60% 为农村人口，回复率为 70%）；10 273 名受访者（18%，65% 为女性）。MSK 疼痛的患病率为 16.14（14.2，18.3），在农村人口中患病率更高（20% 对 10.3%）；类风湿性关节炎 0.34%，未分化炎症性关节炎 0.22%，脊柱关节炎 0.23%，骨关节炎 4.39%，痛风 0.05%，基孔肯雅关节炎 1.2%。非特异性关节痛、软组织痛和退行性关节炎是主要疾病；12% 的受访者报告患有炎症性关节炎。与MSK疼痛相关的重要风险因素包括女性性别、文化程度低、荤食、慢性非MSK疾病、既往外伤和吸烟。局限性包括非随机选择、临床诊断和有限的调查。不过，与 GBD 相比，COPCORD 的结果似乎具有全面性和临床意义。结论 MSK 疼痛和关节炎的高发病率表明印度存在巨大的疾病负担，因此需要优先实施国家控制计划。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases RHEUMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

362

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases (formerly APLAR Journal of Rheumatology) is the official journal of the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology. The Journal accepts original articles on clinical or experimental research pertinent to the rheumatic diseases, work on connective tissue diseases and other immune and allergic disorders. The acceptance criteria for all papers are the quality and originality of the research and its significance to our readership. Except where otherwise stated, manuscripts are peer reviewed by two anonymous reviewers and the Editor.