{"title":"Three-dimensional visualization of calcification during scale regeneration in goldfish.","authors":"Hisayuki Funahashi, Yusuke Maruyama, Nobuo Suzuki, Takashi Takaki, Kazuho Honda, Atsuhiko Hattori","doi":"10.1007/s00795-025-00427-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We used scanning electron microscopy to visualize the regeneration of goldfish scales on day 3 in vivo. Several vesicle-like structures of 100-700 nm diameter flowed onto the fibrous sheets in groups of spindle-shaped bodies arranged in the same direction. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that these structures were encircled by the lipid bilayer membrane. In addition, some had a small mass of high electron density. Scanning electron microscopic observations of specimens treated with bleach revealed particles of almost the same size as the observed electron-dense mass scattered between fibers, with a thickness of approximately 50 nm on day 3 of scale regeneration. The diameter of these particles increased by 5 times on day 14, sticking closely to the fibers. Furthermore, elemental analysis using electron probe microscopy showed that the particles were composed of calcium and phosphorous. These results confirmed that the spindle-shaped bodies and vesicle-like structures were osteoblasts and matrix vesicles, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":18338,"journal":{"name":"Medical Molecular Morphology","volume":" ","pages":"200-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Medical Molecular Morphology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-025-00427-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/3/6 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PATHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We used scanning electron microscopy to visualize the regeneration of goldfish scales on day 3 in vivo. Several vesicle-like structures of 100-700 nm diameter flowed onto the fibrous sheets in groups of spindle-shaped bodies arranged in the same direction. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that these structures were encircled by the lipid bilayer membrane. In addition, some had a small mass of high electron density. Scanning electron microscopic observations of specimens treated with bleach revealed particles of almost the same size as the observed electron-dense mass scattered between fibers, with a thickness of approximately 50 nm on day 3 of scale regeneration. The diameter of these particles increased by 5 times on day 14, sticking closely to the fibers. Furthermore, elemental analysis using electron probe microscopy showed that the particles were composed of calcium and phosphorous. These results confirmed that the spindle-shaped bodies and vesicle-like structures were osteoblasts and matrix vesicles, respectively.
期刊介绍：
Medical Molecular Morphology is an international forum for researchers in both basic and clinical medicine to present and discuss new research on the structural mechanisms and the processes of health and disease at the molecular level. The structures of molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, and organs determine their normal function. Disease is thus best understood in terms of structural changes in these different levels of biological organization, especially in molecules and molecular interactions as well as the cellular localization of chemical components. Medical Molecular Morphology welcomes articles on basic or clinical research in the fields of cell biology, molecular biology, and medical, veterinary, and dental sciences using techniques for structural research such as electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, radioautography, X-ray microanalysis, and in situ hybridization.
Manuscripts submitted for publication must contain a statement to the effect that all human studies have been reviewed by the appropriate ethics committee and have therefore been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in an appropriate version of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. It should also be stated clearly in the text that all persons gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. Details that might disclose the identity of the subjects under study should be omitted.
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