Unlocking Cesium based new double absorber perovskite solar cells with efficiency above 28 % for next generation solar cell

Abstract

The limited photon absorption capacity of single-active-layer perovskite solar cells (PSCs) restricts their efficiency and scalability for future photovoltaic applications. This study introduces an innovative double perovskite active layer (DPAL) design, incorporating CsSnI₃ and CsPbI₃, along with a cadmium sulfide (CdS) electron transport layer (ETL), to overcome these challenges. Using the SCAPS-1D simulation tool, we demonstrate that this novel configuration significantly improves performance, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 28.74 %, an open-circuit voltage (V_OC) of 0.996 V, a short-circuit current density (J_SC) of 34.94 mA/cm², and a fill factor (FF) of 82.61 %. These results surpass the efficiencies of single-active-layer designs, which reach 17.84 % for CsPbI₃ and 24.08 % for CsSnI₃. The study further explores the influence of active layer thickness, defect density, and interface defect densities on solar cell performance, along with the effects of doping concentration, series and shunt resistance, and temperature on PCE. This research highlights the potential of DPAL-based PSCs as a promising approach for achieving high-efficiency, stable, and cost-effective solar energy solutions.