Underdetermined AOA Estimation Using Non-Uniform Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming Systems

IF 6.3 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI:10.1109/OJCOMS.2025.3542843
Yu-Chen Liu;Hsuan-Jung Su;Yasuhiro Takano
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Abstract

Hybrid beamforming (HBF) is emerging as a key technology for future wireless networks, particularly in millimeter wave (mmWave) bands. In this paper, we present a non-uniform sub-connected hybrid beamforming (NSC-HBF) system that enables the implementation of the difference co-array for the underdetermined angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation. We propose a broad beam synthesis technique to mitigate performance degradation caused by uneven analog combining gains. To further enhance estimation efficiency, we modified the co-array least mean squares (co-array LMS) method by directly solving the least-squares problem to determine the filter weights. The proposed method reduces computational complexity and eliminates iterative procedures for faster processing. Our numerical results demonstrate the pseudo-spectrum and detection performance for both pencil and broad beams, highlighting the importance of analog combining codebook design. Additionally, the proposed method achieves higher estimation accuracy compared to the co-array root-LMS.
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CiteScore
13.70
自引率
3.80%
发文量
94
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society (OJ-COMS) is an open access, all-electronic journal that publishes original high-quality manuscripts on advances in the state of the art of telecommunications systems and networks. The papers in IEEE OJ-COMS are included in Scopus. Submissions reporting new theoretical findings (including novel methods, concepts, and studies) and practical contributions (including experiments and development of prototypes) are welcome. Additionally, survey and tutorial articles are considered. The IEEE OJCOMS received its debut impact factor of 7.9 according to the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2023. The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society covers science, technology, applications and standards for information organization, collection and transfer using electronic, optical and wireless channels and networks. Some specific areas covered include: Systems and network architecture, control and management Protocols, software, and middleware Quality of service, reliability, and security Modulation, detection, coding, and signaling Switching and routing Mobile and portable communications Terminals and other end-user devices Networks for content distribution and distributed computing Communications-based distributed resources control.
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