Exploring the impact of top-layer film water vapor transmittance rates on the stability of dielectric-metal-dielectric transparent conductive electrodes: A case study of ZnO, AZO, and AZO30

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.12.488

Haisheng Lin , Yongqi Zhang , Dikang Lu , Zhaoting Chen , Xinyu Song , Congkang Xu , Songyou Lian

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Abstract

In this study, dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) transparent conductive multilayer films were fabricated with TiO₂ as the bottom layer and Ag as the middle layer, using 30 % aluminum oxide-doped zinc oxide (AZO₃₀), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and zinc oxide (ZnO) as the top layers, respectively. The effect of water vapor transmission rates (WVTR) of different single-layer top films on PET substrates on the stability of the photoelectric performance of the DMD multilayer films was investigated. The results showed that the AZO₃₀ top layer exhibited the lowest WVTR, providing superior barrier properties that effectively prevented water vapor infiltration and subsequent oxidation of the metal layer, thus mitigating surface degradation. Consequently, the TiO₂/Ag/AZO₃₀ multilayer film sustained stable photoelectric performance under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions for an extended period of 24 days. In contrast, films with AZO and ZnO as the top layer showed higher WVTR values and inferior barrier performance, leading to significant degradation of the photoelectric properties of the TiO₂/Ag/AZO and TiO₂/Ag/ZnO multilayers. These findings highlight the critical role of the top layer's barrier properties in enhancing the photoelectric stability of the DMD multilayer films. This study suggests that employing a top layer with low WVTR as part of the multilayer transparent conductive electrode can significantly improve performance stability and long-term durability.

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探讨顶层膜水蒸汽透过率对介质-金属-介质透明导电电极稳定性的影响：以ZnO、AZO和AZO30为例

本研究采用30%的氧化铝掺杂氧化锌（AZO30）、掺铝氧化锌（AZO）和氧化锌（ZnO）分别为顶层，以tio2为底层，Ag为中间层制备了介电/金属/介电（DMD）透明导电多层膜。研究了PET基板上不同单层顶层膜的水蒸气透过率对DMD多层膜光电性能稳定性的影响。结果表明，AZO30顶层的WVTR最低，具有优异的阻隔性能，可以有效地阻止水蒸气的渗透和金属层的氧化，从而减轻表面降解。因此，tio2 /Ag/AZO30多层膜在高温高湿条件下保持了24天的稳定光电性能。相比之下，以AZO和ZnO为顶层的薄膜WVTR值较高，势垒性能较差，导致TiO₂/Ag/AZO和TiO₂/Ag/ZnO多层膜的光电性能明显下降。这些发现强调了顶层的势垒特性在提高DMD多层膜的光电稳定性方面的关键作用。本研究表明，采用低WVTR的顶层作为多层透明导电电极的一部分，可以显著提高性能稳定性和长期耐用性。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.