Comparative efficacy and safety of vedolizumab and antitumor necrosis factor alfa in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A meta‑analysis.

Abstract

This meta-analysis directly compares the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), contrary to the previous one which provided an indirect comparison. In this meta-analysis, only the studies that directly compared two treatments (vedolizumab and TNF-α inhibitors) to each other (head-to-head approach) were considered. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The pooled estimates of efficacies and safety were calculated as relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI). The presence of bias in the published material was evaluated using Begg's test. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the pooled results' robustness. In total, 32 eligible studies were finally included. Results showed that the efficacy of vedolizumab was superior to TNF-α inhibitors in clinical remission [1.26, 95 % CI: 1.15-1.39]. Moreover, the vedolizumab group showed a reduced incidence of severe adverse events (RR = 0.63, 95 % CI: 0.42-0.94) compared to TNF-α inhibitors. Our results revealed superior efficacy and safety of vedolizumab compared to TNF-α inhibitors, which provided direct evidence for the use of vedolizumab in IBD treatment. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings.