Exploring antibacterial ethyl cinnamate/cyclodextrin inclusion complex electrospun nanofibers

IF 5.2 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Journal of Molecular Liquids Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI:10.1016/j.molliq.2025.127311

Subramanian Siva , Venkatasamy Meenatchi , Gajanan A. Bodkhe , Myunghee Kim

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Abstract

Ethyl cinnamate (EC), a natural ester from Cinnamomum essential oils, possesses excellent biological activities but faces challenges in bioavailability owing to poor water solubility. Herein, nanofibers (NFs) of EC inclusion complexes (ICs) with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) were successfully fabricated using electrospinning to enhance the aqueous solubility and apparent stability of EC. Phase solubility and modeling studies showed that the inclusion complex (IC) of EC with HPβCD and MβCD significantly increases water solubility and encapsulates EC at a 1:1 M ratio. The NFs were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), ¹H NMR, thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. FESEM analysis revealed uniform fiber morphology with average fiber diameters ranging from 545 ± 95 nm to 620 ± 115 nm. FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectra confirmed the effective IC and interaction of the entire EC molecule with the HPβCD and MβCD cavities. XRD and TG-DTA results showed improved thermal stability (from 51–140 °C to 310–405 °C) and an amorphous distribution of EC in the EC-CD-IC-NFs. Water solubility analysis of the NFs revealed a tenfold enhancement in EC. Optical property analysis revealed higher absorption and emission in EC-CD-IC-NFs. Furthermore, antibacterial studies showed enhanced inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In summary, encapsulating EC with βCD derivatives effectively increases the water solubility of oily essential oil components, and the electrospinning of EC-CD-ICs shows promise for antibacterial applications.

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探索抗菌肉桂酸乙酯/环糊精包合物静电纺纳米纤维

肉桂酸乙酯（EC）是一种从肉桂精油中提取的天然酯，具有良好的生物活性，但由于其水溶性较差，在生物利用度方面面临挑战。本文采用静电纺丝技术制备了2-羟丙基-β-环糊精（hp -β- cd）和甲基-β-环糊精（m -β- cd）包合物（ICs）纳米纤维，提高了EC的水溶性和表观稳定性。相溶解度和模型研究表明，EC与HPβCD和Mβ cd的包合物（IC）显著提高了EC的水溶性，并以1:1的M比包裹EC。采用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、粉末x射线衍射（XRD）、1H NMR、热重差热分析（TG-DTA）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和光致发光等方法对纳米颗粒进行了表征。FESEM分析显示纤维形态均匀，平均纤维直径为545±95 nm至620±115 nm。FT-IR和1H NMR证实了整个EC分子与HPβCD和MβCD空腔的有效IC和相互作用。XRD和TG-DTA结果表明，EC- cd - ic - nfs的热稳定性（从51 ~ 140℃提高到310 ~ 405℃）得到改善，EC呈无定形分布。NFs的水溶性分析显示EC增强了10倍。光学性质分析表明，EC-CD-IC-NFs具有较高的吸收和发射特性。此外，抗菌研究显示对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用增强。综上所述，β - cd衍生物包封EC有效地提高了油性精油成分的水溶性，EC- cd - ics的静电纺丝具有抗菌应用前景。

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来源期刊

Journal of Molecular Liquids 化学-物理：原子、分子和化学物理

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

16.70%

发文量

2597

审稿时长

78 days

期刊介绍： The journal includes papers in the following areas: – Simple organic liquids and mixtures – Ionic liquids – Surfactant solutions (including micelles and vesicles) and liquid interfaces – Colloidal solutions and nanoparticles – Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals – Ferrofluids – Water, aqueous solutions and other hydrogen-bonded liquids – Lubricants, polymer solutions and melts – Molten metals and salts – Phase transitions and critical phenomena in liquids and confined fluids – Self assembly in complex liquids.– Biomolecules in solution The emphasis is on the molecular (or microscopic) understanding of particular liquids or liquid systems, especially concerning structure, dynamics and intermolecular forces. The experimental techniques used may include: – Conventional spectroscopy (mid-IR and far-IR, Raman, NMR, etc.) – Non-linear optics and time resolved spectroscopy (psec, fsec, asec, ISRS, etc.) – Light scattering (Rayleigh, Brillouin, PCS, etc.) – Dielectric relaxation – X-ray and neutron scattering and diffraction. Experimental studies, computer simulations (MD or MC) and analytical theory will be considered for publication; papers just reporting experimental results that do not contribute to the understanding of the fundamentals of molecular and ionic liquids will not be accepted. Only papers of a non-routine nature and advancing the field will be considered for publication.