Walyeldeen Godah , Samuel Milki Yadeta , Alexander Braun
{"title":"Hydrological change from space geodetic data and correlation with climate indices in Sudan","authors":"Walyeldeen Godah , Samuel Milki Yadeta , Alexander Braun","doi":"10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2025.105608","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrestrial hydrological data in Sudan are heterogeneous with a limited quantity and quality that hinders reliable monitoring of natural or anthropogenic hydrological change. Thus, alternative data sources such as satellite observations are essential for monitoring hydrological change in Sudan. Moreover, like many other regions around the world, hydrological change in Sudan is strongly related to climate change presenting an opportunity to analyse the correlation of these processes. The aim of this research is to investigate the usefulness of space geodetic data to monitor hydrological change in Sudan and its relation with climate indices.</div><div>Temporal variations of equivalent water thickness were determined over the area of Sudan using GLDAS dataset and data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow–On (GRACE–FO) satellite missions. Temporal surface water variations at nine river crossings were obtained from satellite altimetry (Sentinel, Jason-2/3). The correlations between temporal variations of equivalent water thickness and sea surface temperature from both the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole climate indices were investigated. The results indicate good agreement between temporal variations of equivalent water thickness from GRACE/GRACE–FO data and GLDAS dataset. These temporal variations of equivalent water thickness were further correlated with the temporal surface water variations from altimetry data. In addition, there exist clear correlations between hydrology change in Sudan and sea surface temperature from El Niño 1 + 2 and El Niño 3 climate indices. In general, the results revealed the usefulness of space geodetic data for determining hydrological change in Sudan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14874,"journal":{"name":"Journal of African Earth Sciences","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 105608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of African Earth Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1464343X25000755","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Terrestrial hydrological data in Sudan are heterogeneous with a limited quantity and quality that hinders reliable monitoring of natural or anthropogenic hydrological change. Thus, alternative data sources such as satellite observations are essential for monitoring hydrological change in Sudan. Moreover, like many other regions around the world, hydrological change in Sudan is strongly related to climate change presenting an opportunity to analyse the correlation of these processes. The aim of this research is to investigate the usefulness of space geodetic data to monitor hydrological change in Sudan and its relation with climate indices.
Temporal variations of equivalent water thickness were determined over the area of Sudan using GLDAS dataset and data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow–On (GRACE–FO) satellite missions. Temporal surface water variations at nine river crossings were obtained from satellite altimetry (Sentinel, Jason-2/3). The correlations between temporal variations of equivalent water thickness and sea surface temperature from both the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole climate indices were investigated. The results indicate good agreement between temporal variations of equivalent water thickness from GRACE/GRACE–FO data and GLDAS dataset. These temporal variations of equivalent water thickness were further correlated with the temporal surface water variations from altimetry data. In addition, there exist clear correlations between hydrology change in Sudan and sea surface temperature from El Niño 1 + 2 and El Niño 3 climate indices. In general, the results revealed the usefulness of space geodetic data for determining hydrological change in Sudan.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of African Earth Sciences sees itself as the prime geological journal for all aspects of the Earth Sciences about the African plate. Papers dealing with peripheral areas are welcome if they demonstrate a tight link with Africa.
The Journal publishes high quality, peer-reviewed scientific papers. It is devoted primarily to research papers but short communications relating to new developments of broad interest, reviews and book reviews will also be considered. Papers must have international appeal and should present work of more regional than local significance and dealing with well identified and justified scientific questions. Specialised technical papers, analytical or exploration reports must be avoided. Papers on applied geology should preferably be linked to such core disciplines and must be addressed to a more general geoscientific audience.