{"title":"Quantitive unravelling for the governing role of diffusion energy barrier on the self-discharge of supercapacitors","authors":"Junkai Xiong, Liang Lou, Xiaohui Yan, Runze Xie, Zhongjie Wang, Xuncheng Liu, Pengfei Zhou, Qihui Guo, Houqiang Shi, Xiang Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236758","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-discharge is unneglectable for fast electrochemical devices. The suppression of self-discharge using existing strategies based on known extrinsic mechanisms (charge redistribution, faradaic reaction and ohmic leakage) is far from satisfactory (endowing supercapacitors being similar to batteries). Herein, we propose the previously unnoticed diffusion process, which is dependent on the intrinsic bulk property of the active materials, can play deterministic role on self-discharge. The quantitive unravelling of such process is based on a conjugatedly configured supercapacitor constructed by pairs of pre-lithiated poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO), forming a Li<sub>y</sub>PBFDO vs. Li<sub>x-y</sub>PBFDO configuration. The functioning process involves the transfer of a single type of charge carrier and similar reaction environment at both the cathode and anode side. This configuration, along with the continuously tunable polymerization degree (therefore its property), provides an ideal platform to quantify the governing role of energy barrier in self-discharge process. A shift of control step is theoretically predicted and then experimentally observed when the diffusion barrier is in the range of 0.59 ± 0.05 eV. The quantitive unravelling of the governing role for diffusion barrier is expected to provide general guidance for suppressing self-discharge of supercapacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":377,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Power Sources","volume":"640 ","pages":"Article 236758"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Power Sources","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378775325005944","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Self-discharge is unneglectable for fast electrochemical devices. The suppression of self-discharge using existing strategies based on known extrinsic mechanisms (charge redistribution, faradaic reaction and ohmic leakage) is far from satisfactory (endowing supercapacitors being similar to batteries). Herein, we propose the previously unnoticed diffusion process, which is dependent on the intrinsic bulk property of the active materials, can play deterministic role on self-discharge. The quantitive unravelling of such process is based on a conjugatedly configured supercapacitor constructed by pairs of pre-lithiated poly(benzodifurandione) (PBFDO), forming a LiyPBFDO vs. Lix-yPBFDO configuration. The functioning process involves the transfer of a single type of charge carrier and similar reaction environment at both the cathode and anode side. This configuration, along with the continuously tunable polymerization degree (therefore its property), provides an ideal platform to quantify the governing role of energy barrier in self-discharge process. A shift of control step is theoretically predicted and then experimentally observed when the diffusion barrier is in the range of 0.59 ± 0.05 eV. The quantitive unravelling of the governing role for diffusion barrier is expected to provide general guidance for suppressing self-discharge of supercapacitors.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Power Sources is a publication catering to researchers and technologists interested in various aspects of the science, technology, and applications of electrochemical power sources. It covers original research and reviews on primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells.
Topics considered include the research, development and applications of nanomaterials and novel componentry for these devices. Examples of applications of these electrochemical power sources include:
• Portable electronics
• Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles
• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems
• Storage of renewable energy
• Satellites and deep space probes
• Boats and ships, drones and aircrafts
• Wearable energy storage systems