{"title":"Examining the costs and benefits to lay theories of life satisfaction: A Double-edged sword perspective","authors":"Samantha Kszan, Michael A. Busseri","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104589","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examined the impact of viewing life satisfaction as changeable through effort versus fixed in nature (i.e., incremental vs. entity lay theory). In a preregistered experiment, 713 online participants (<em>M</em> age = 37.63 years; 53.9 % female) were randomly assigned to an incremental, entity, or control condition. Comparisons between conditions and correlational findings indicated that incremental (vs. entity) lay theories were associated with greater self-reported offset efficacy and stronger motivation, but also stronger onset responsibility, self-blame, and frustration. Notably, holding an incremental (vs. entity) lay theory was more strongly linked to desirable than undesirable outcomes. Nonetheless, this study reveals both costs and benefits of holding incremental and entity lay theories of life satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Research in Personality","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092656625000212","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/2/21 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We examined the impact of viewing life satisfaction as changeable through effort versus fixed in nature (i.e., incremental vs. entity lay theory). In a preregistered experiment, 713 online participants (M age = 37.63 years; 53.9 % female) were randomly assigned to an incremental, entity, or control condition. Comparisons between conditions and correlational findings indicated that incremental (vs. entity) lay theories were associated with greater self-reported offset efficacy and stronger motivation, but also stronger onset responsibility, self-blame, and frustration. Notably, holding an incremental (vs. entity) lay theory was more strongly linked to desirable than undesirable outcomes. Nonetheless, this study reveals both costs and benefits of holding incremental and entity lay theories of life satisfaction.
期刊介绍：
Emphasizing experimental and descriptive research, the Journal of Research in Personality presents articles that examine important issues in the field of personality and in related fields basic to the understanding of personality. The subject matter includes treatments of genetic, physiological, motivational, learning, perceptual, cognitive, and social processes of both normal and abnormal kinds in human and animal subjects. Features: • Papers that present integrated sets of studies that address significant theoretical issues relating to personality. • Theoretical papers and critical reviews of current experimental and methodological interest. • Single, well-designed studies of an innovative nature. • Brief reports, including replication or null result studies of previously reported findings, or a well-designed studies addressing questions of limited scope.
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