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Measuring personality Traits:Simulations Exploring (Mis)Alignment between methods and measurands
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104601
Patrick K. Durkee
Measuring personality traits requires that measurement methods align with intended measurands. There are two broad classes of personality trait measurands: 1) differences in patterns of behavior; and 2) differences in the underlying psychological generators of behavioral patterns. It is often unclear which of these potential measurands is the focus of a given research study, hindering evaluation of measure-measurand alignment. It is also unclear how well common measurement approaches can be expected to recover different measurands. To evaluate personality measure-measurand (mis)alignment, this study employs simulations examining the ability of different measurement approaches to recover different personality measurands. The simulations highlight challenges in capturing personality trait measurands and offer insight into assumptions researchers must explicate to bolster personality measure-measurand alignment.
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引用次数: 0
On the relationship between honesty-humility and truth-bias
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104600
Nina Reinhardt , Simon Schindler
We hypothesized a positive correlation between HEXACO Honesty-Humility (H-H) and truth bias due to higher trustworthiness expectations for people higher in H-H. We also predicted that H-H and the correct classification of truthful and deceptive messages should be uncorrelated. In three high-powered online studies conducted via Prolific, we applied classical lie-truth detection tasks. An internal meta-analysis (N = 1,484) revealed no significant effect, neither for the H-H truth-bias link, nor for the H-H detection accuracy link. We discuss the shortcomings of the present set of studies and theoretical implications for future research on the relationship between personality traits and veracity judgments, focusing on the role of variability in different measurement paradigms.
我们假设 HEXACO 诚实-谦逊（H-H）与真实性偏差之间存在正相关，因为对 H-H 值较高的人有较高的可信度期望。我们还预测，H-H 与真实信息和欺骗信息的正确分类应该是不相关的。在通过 Prolific 进行的三项高功率在线研究中，我们应用了经典的谎言-真相检测任务。一项内部荟萃分析（N = 1,484）显示，H-H 与真实性偏差的联系和 H-H 检测准确性的联系都没有显著影响。我们讨论了本组研究的不足之处，以及对未来人格特质与真实性判断之间关系研究的理论意义，重点是不同测量范式中变异性的作用。
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引用次数: 0
People “fake-good” on personality self-reports more strongly in a job context than in a dating context
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104596
Richard Rau , Louisa M. Schömann , Michael P. Grosz
Socially desirable responding can impair the validity of self-report questionnaires, especially in high-stakes situations in which people are incentivized to manage the impression they make on others. The current experiment examined the context dependency of impression management. Participants (N = 231) completed the Big Five Inventory-2 twice, first honestly and then with faking-good instructions in a job or dating context. Socially desirable responding was present in both contexts but was more pronounced in the job context than in the dating context for many (but not all) Big Five domains and facets. Future research should investigate whether faking behavior differs across contexts not only under faking-good instructions but also in high-stakes situations (e.g., personnel selection or online dating).
{"title":"People “fake-good” on personality self-reports more strongly in a job context than in a dating context","authors":"Richard Rau ,&nbsp;Louisa M. Schömann ,&nbsp;Michael P. Grosz","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Socially desirable responding can impair the validity of self-report questionnaires, especially in high-stakes situations in which people are incentivized to manage the impression they make on others. The current experiment examined the context dependency of impression management. Participants (<em>N</em> = 231) completed the Big Five Inventory-2 twice, first honestly and then with faking-good instructions in a job or dating context. Socially desirable responding was present in both contexts but was more pronounced in the job context than in the dating context for many (but not all) Big Five domains and facets. Future research should investigate whether faking behavior differs across contexts not only under faking-good instructions but also in high-stakes situations (e.g., personnel selection or online dating).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temporal relationship between perceptions of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104599
Karol Konaszewski , Radosław Rogoza , Seweryn Nogalski , Maciej Karwowski
The aim of the study was to analyze the temporal relationship between psychological perceptions (i.e., situational DIAMONDS) of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles (N = 726) referred by the courts to educational and probation centers. Our two-wave analyses suggested that the relationships between aggressiveness and perceptions of the educational situation were not reciprocal. Specifically, we found that aggressiveness measured at Time 1 was positively related to perceptions of the situation as negative and deceiving at Time 2. In contrast, none of the eight DIAMONDS situation dimensions at T1 were related to aggressiveness at T2. The results show that aggressiveness can explain how juveniles define educational situations.
{"title":"Temporal relationship between perceptions of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles","authors":"Karol Konaszewski ,&nbsp;Radosław Rogoza ,&nbsp;Seweryn Nogalski ,&nbsp;Maciej Karwowski","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the study was to analyze the temporal relationship between psychological perceptions (i.e., situational DIAMONDS) of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles (N = 726) referred by the courts to educational and probation centers. Our two-wave analyses suggested that the relationships between aggressiveness and perceptions of the educational situation were not reciprocal. Specifically, we found that aggressiveness measured at Time 1 was positively related to perceptions of the situation as negative and deceiving at Time 2. In contrast, none of the eight DIAMONDS situation dimensions at T1 were related to aggressiveness at T2. The results show that aggressiveness can explain how juveniles define educational situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intellectual humility in romantic relationships: Implications for relationship satisfaction, argument frequency, and conflict behaviors
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104598
Katrina P. Jongman-Sereno , Jessica C. Reich , Richard S. Pond Jr. , Mark R. Leary
People who recognize that their viewpoints might be wrong – that is, people higher in intellectual humility (IH) – should fare better in conflicts with relationship partners than people lower in IH. Both members of 74 heterosexual couples (Mage = 32.2 years) completed measures of IH, relationship quality, how well they get along, self and partner behaviors during arguments, and perceptions of their partner’s motives. Couples in which partners were higher in IH fared better on some indices than couples in which partners were lower in IH. Men’s IH was related to their own as well as their partners’ relationship perceptions, whereas women’s IH was related only to their own perceptions. The results have implications for managing conflicts in romantic relationships.
{"title":"Intellectual humility in romantic relationships: Implications for relationship satisfaction, argument frequency, and conflict behaviors","authors":"Katrina P. Jongman-Sereno ,&nbsp;Jessica C. Reich ,&nbsp;Richard S. Pond Jr. ,&nbsp;Mark R. Leary","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People who recognize that their viewpoints might be wrong – that is, people higher in intellectual humility (IH) – should fare better in conflicts with relationship partners than people lower in IH. Both members of 74 heterosexual couples (<em>M<sub>age</sub></em> = 32.2 years) completed measures of IH, relationship quality, how well they get along, self and partner behaviors during arguments, and perceptions of their partner’s motives. Couples in which partners were higher in IH fared better on some indices than couples in which partners were lower in IH. Men’s IH was related to their own as well as their partners’ relationship perceptions, whereas women’s IH was related only to their own perceptions. The results have implications for managing conflicts in romantic relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining the costs and benefits to lay theories of life satisfaction: A Double-edged sword perspective
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104589
Samantha Kszan, Michael A. Busseri
We examined the impact of viewing life satisfaction as changeable through effort versus fixed in nature (i.e., incremental vs. entity lay theory). In a preregistered experiment, 713 online participants (M age = 37.63 years; 53.9 % female) were randomly assigned to an incremental, entity, or control condition. Comparisons between conditions and correlational findings indicated that incremental (vs. entity) lay theories were associated with greater self-reported offset efficacy and stronger motivation, but also stronger onset responsibility, self-blame, and frustration. Notably, holding an incremental (vs. entity) lay theory was more strongly linked to desirable than undesirable outcomes. Nonetheless, this study reveals both costs and benefits of holding incremental and entity lay theories of life satisfaction.
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引用次数: 0
Psychopathic traits predict reduced social punishment: Evidence from a large-sample survey and an experimental study
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104588
Zhuo Yang , Ruiming Guo , Wei Li , Wenchao Meng , Yijing Shi , An Li , Morris Hoffman , Qun Yang
Psychopathic traits are linked to reduced social cooperation, often prioritizing personal gain over others’ welfare. However, it remains unclear whether individuals with higher psychopathic traits are less likely to punish uncooperative behavior when acting as victims or observers. We examined this relationship through a large-scale online survey with hypothetical scenarios and a controlled experiment with economic games. In Study 1, psychopathic traits predicted reduced punishment across perspectives and costs. In Study 2, these traits predicted punishment only under cost conditions, driven by self-oriented justice sensitivity. These findings suggest egoism is the main reason for reduced social punishment among individuals with high psychopathic traits, which has implications for developing educational initiatives aimed at fostering their sense of justice and fairness.
{"title":"Psychopathic traits predict reduced social punishment: Evidence from a large-sample survey and an experimental study","authors":"Zhuo Yang ,&nbsp;Ruiming Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Wenchao Meng ,&nbsp;Yijing Shi ,&nbsp;An Li ,&nbsp;Morris Hoffman ,&nbsp;Qun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychopathic traits are linked to reduced social cooperation, often prioritizing personal gain over others’ welfare. However, it remains unclear whether individuals with higher psychopathic traits are less likely to punish uncooperative behavior when acting as victims or observers. We examined this relationship through a large-scale online survey with hypothetical scenarios and a controlled experiment with economic games. In Study 1, psychopathic traits predicted reduced punishment across perspectives and costs. In Study 2, these traits predicted punishment only under cost conditions, driven by self-oriented justice sensitivity. These findings suggest egoism is the main reason for reduced social punishment among individuals with high psychopathic traits, which has implications for developing educational initiatives aimed at fostering their sense of justice and fairness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 104588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perfectionistic strivings and conscientiousness as differential predictors of goal setting (in)flexibility in real-life situations: A mixture latent Markov approach
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104587
Tanja Lischetzke, Gloria Grommisch , Elisabeth Prestele, Simon Stuber, Christine Altstötter-Gleich
Theoretical frameworks postulate that high perfectionistic strivings are associated with inflexibility in goal setting (i.e., goal setting that is not responsive to performance outcomes), distinguishing them from conscientiousness. We examined goal levels set by 178 preservice teachers in an average of five repeated performance situations, using self-reported aspiration level and self- and supervisor-reported goal difficulty as observed indicators. Adopting a mixture latent Markov approach to model goal-setting inflexibility, we found that perfectionistic strivings predicted membership in a latent class of participants who inflexibly set high goals. Conscientiousness predicted membership in a latent class with inflexible goal setting and avoidance of high goals. Results suggest that perfectionistic strivings are associated with adherence to challenging goals, even after lower achievement, beyond conscientiousness.
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引用次数: 0
Erratum to “(Un)Locking self-motivation: Action versus state orientation moderates the effect of demanding conditions on self-regulatory performance” [J. Res. Pers. 104 (2023) 104361]
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104581
Karla Waldenmeier , Katja M. Friederichs , Julius Kuhl , Nicola Baumann
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引用次数: 0
The many faces of narcissism: A question of situation perception?
IF 2.6 2区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Journal of Research in Personality
Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2024.104554
Sophie C. Bauditz , Aidan G.C. Wright , Ursula Hess , Matthias Ziegler
This study investigated the dynamic interplay between narcissistic states—narcissistic agency, antagonism, and vulnerability—and situation perceptions using the DIAMONDS framework. Participants (N = 183) engaged in weekly online group discussions over six weeks, simulating the natural acquaintance process. Results showed significant co-occurrences: situation perceptions of Positivity related to heightened narcissistic agency, while Duty and Negativity perceptions were linked to narcissistic antagonism and vulnerability. Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models revealed first causal relations, with situation perceptions often preceding changes in narcissistic states. For example, perceptions of Intellect and Positivity increased narcissistic agency, while Intellect, Duty, and Negativity triggered higher-than-usual narcissistic antagonism. Findings highlight the role of situation perceptions in shaping the momentray manifestations of narcissisism.
{"title":"The many faces of narcissism: A question of situation perception?","authors":"Sophie C. Bauditz ,&nbsp;Aidan G.C. Wright ,&nbsp;Ursula Hess ,&nbsp;Matthias Ziegler","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2024.104554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2024.104554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the dynamic interplay between narcissistic states—narcissistic agency, antagonism, and vulnerability—and situation perceptions using the DIAMONDS framework. Participants (<em>N</em> = 183) engaged in weekly online group discussions over six weeks, simulating the natural acquaintance process. Results showed significant co-occurrences: situation perceptions of Positivity<!--> <!-->related to heightened narcissistic agency, while Duty and Negativity perceptions were linked to narcissistic antagonism and vulnerability. Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models revealed first causal relations, with situation perceptions often preceding changes in narcissistic states. For example, perceptions of Intellect and Positivity increased narcissistic agency, while Intellect, Duty, and Negativity triggered higher-than-usual narcissistic antagonism. Findings highlight the role of situation perceptions in shaping the momentray manifestations of narcissisism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143127952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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