Equation of state of quark–gluon plasma in the presence of magnetic field with a modified liquid drop model

Abstract

We propose a modified liquid drop potential model to explore the thermodynamics of quark–gluon plasma (QGP) above the critical temperature, both in the absence and presence of a magnetic field. The model follows Mayer's cluster expansion procedure. In this model, quarks and gluons are described as particles whose behavior is influenced by the QGP medium. Remarkably, even at temperatures below the critical temperature \((T < T_c)\), the equation of state for pressure and energy density across 2, 2+1 and 3 flavors demonstrates a strong agreement with lattice data at zero magnetic field. Also, this modified liquid drop model is in good agreement with lattice data for magnetized quark–gluon plasma in the region \(T > 113 \text { MeV}\).