The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Glucose Homeostasis in Hospitalized Patients with Pulmonary Impairment.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Diagnostics Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI:10.3390/diagnostics15050554
Oana-Andreea Parlițeanu, Mara-Amalia Bălteanu, Dragoș Cosmin Zaharia, Tudor Constantinescu, Alexandra Maria Cristea, Ștefan Dumitrache-Rujinscki, Andra Elena Nica, Cristiana Voineag, Octavian Sabin Alexe, Emilia Tabacu, Alina Croitoru, Irina Strâmbu, Roxana Maria Nemeș, Beatrice Mahler
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Abstract

Background and Objectives: We conducted a retrospective observational study to evaluate the impact of elevated blood glucose levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and a prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) or newly diagnosed hyperglycemia. Materials and Methods: This study analyzed 6065 patients admitted to the COVID-19 departments of the "Marius Nasta" National Institute of Pulmonology in Bucharest, Romania, between 26 October 2020 and 5 January 2023. Of these, 813 patients (13.40%) were selected for analysis due to either a pre-existing diagnosis of DM or hyperglycemia at the time of hospital admission. Results: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were elevated in patients with blood glucose levels exceeding 300 mg/dL. These elevations correlated with the presence of respiratory failure and increased mortality rates. Additionally, oxygen requirements were significantly higher at elevated blood glucose levels (p < 0.001), with a direct relationship between glycemia and oxygen demand. This was accompanied by lower oxygen saturation levels (p < 0.001). Maximum blood glucose levels were associated with the severity of respiratory failure (AUC 0.6, 95% CI: 0.56-0.63, p < 0.001). We identified cut-off values for blood glucose at admission (217.5 mg/dL) and maximum blood glucose during hospitalization (257.5 mg/dL), both of which were associated with disease severity and identified as risk factors for increased mortality. Conclusions: High blood glucose levels, both at admission and during hospitalization, were identified as risk factors for poor prognosis and increased mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of whether the hyperglycemia was due to a prior diagnosis of DM or was newly developed during the hospital stay. These findings underscore the importance of glycemic control in the management of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

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来源期刊
Diagnostics
Diagnostics Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Clinical Biochemistry
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
2699
审稿时长
19.64 days
期刊介绍: Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418) is an international scholarly open access journal on medical diagnostics. It publishes original research articles, reviews, communications and short notes on the research and development of medical diagnostics. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical research in as much detail as possible. Full experimental and/or methodological details must be provided for research articles.
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