Bio-Engineered Silver Nanoparticles, Characterization, and Time-Dependent Toxicity against Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio).

IF 2 3区 工程技术 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY Microscopy Research and Technique Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1002/jemt.24828
Qaisar Khan, Ali Muhammad Yousafzai, Pordil Khan, Mian Adnan Kakakhel, Muhammad Ishaq
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Abstract

Bio-engineered silver nanoparticles (BE-AgNPs) are receiving discernible attention due to their diverse application history; however, the interaction of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with the environment and their toxicity in aquatic organisms is a matter of concern debate. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the bio-fabrication of Ag-NPs using Bellis perennis (B. perennis) plant flower extract and to assess their toxicity against Cyprinus carpio as an aquatic model organism. For this purpose, BE-AgNPs were synthesized and characterized using advanced analytical techniques (SEM, TEM, FTIR, and UV-visible absorption spectra), which showed that well-dispersed and cubical Ag-NPs with an average size of 15.4 nm were obtained. In addition, C. carpio after 96-h LC50 test period were exposed to three determined concentrations, including 5, 10, and 15 mg/L of BE-AgNPs for 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, for tissue histopathology and genotoxicity. Histopathological results revealed that BE-AgNPs caused degeneration, necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in the muscles, liver, intestine, and gills of exposed C. carpio tissues using H and E staining slides. Moreover, BE-AgNPs caused DNA damage to C. carpio erythrocytes using the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) technique. The study confirmed that BE-AgNPs induce significant myotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, branchial toxicity, intestinal toxicity, and genotoxicity in C. carpio. These findings highlight the environmental and ecological risks associated with the use of bio-engineered silver nanoparticles, particularly in aquatic ecosystems.

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来源期刊
Microscopy Research and Technique
Microscopy Research and Technique 医学-解剖学与形态学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
20.00%
发文量
233
审稿时长
4.7 months
期刊介绍: Microscopy Research and Technique (MRT) publishes articles on all aspects of advanced microscopy original architecture and methodologies with applications in the biological, clinical, chemical, and materials sciences. Original basic and applied research as well as technical papers dealing with the various subsets of microscopy are encouraged. MRT is the right form for those developing new microscopy methods or using the microscope to answer key questions in basic and applied research.
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