Unusual case of staphylococcus epidermidis-induced spinal epidural abscess in an adolescent: Clinical insights and diagnostic considerations

Abstract

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is an uncommon infection typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus, predominantly affecting older adults with risk factors such as advanced age, comorbidities, and prior surgical interventions. This report details a case involving a 14-year-old male presenting with acute lumbar pain, lower limb weakness, urinary retention, and skin pustules. The patient had no history of immunologic diseases, diabetes, or drug use. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium demonstrated a peripheral fluid signal surrounding the thoracic spinal cord, consistent with an epidural abscess from T9-T12 to L1, causing spinal cord compression. Cultures from the abscess and skin pustules identified Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). The patient underwent surgical drainage and remained stable postoperatively. This case highlights an unusual SEA presentation in an adolescent without typical risk factors, emphasizing the importance of considering atypical pathogens and further investigation into infection sources.