Expression of microRNAs in the detection and therapeutic roles of viral infections: Mechanisms and applications

IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Journal of Virus Eradication Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jve.2025.100586
Mohsen Poudineh , Omeed Darweesh , Mohsen Mokhtari , Omid Zolfaghari , Azad Khaledi , Ahmad Piroozmand
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Abstract

In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents for viral infections. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression of microRNAs in the identification and treatment of viral infections.
MiRNAs are non-coding molecules that control gene expression and participate in numerous biological processes, including host immunity and pathogen duplication. MiRNAs have played a role in the pathogenesis of various viral infections, such as HIV and HCV. Their presence in the tissues and serum of infected patients has been demonstrated to help predict disease progression, identify disease subtypes, and evaluate treatment responses.
Research has shown that miRNAs can detect viral infections by identifying specific miRNAs in serum. For example, miRNA expression profiling was recently used to distinguish between hepatitis C and hepatitis B viral infections precisely. Furthermore, miRNAs can be used to detect the presence of multiple viral infections simultaneously by assessing the expression levels of these miRNAs. Also, miRNAs can differentiate between different genetic variants of the same virus, which is useful for identifying emerging viral strains or drug-resistant ones.
MiRNAs have been identified as being a factor in treating viral infections. For example, miRNA mimics have decreased gene expression and halted viral replication in HIV, HCV, and EBV. Moreover, microRNA antagonists have been utilized to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby modulating the immune response and the severity of infections.
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来源期刊
Journal of Virus Eradication
Journal of Virus Eradication Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
1.80%
发文量
28
审稿时长
39 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Virus Eradication aims to provide a specialist, open-access forum to publish work in the rapidly developing field of virus eradication. The Journal covers all human viruses, in the context of new therapeutic strategies, as well as societal eradication of viral infections with preventive interventions. The Journal is aimed at the international community involved in the prevention and management of viral infections. It provides an academic forum for the publication of original research into viral reservoirs, viral persistence and virus eradication and ultimately development of cures. The Journal not only publishes original research, but provides an opportunity for opinions, reviews, case studies and comments on the published literature. It focusses on evidence-based medicine as the major thrust in the successful management of viral infections.The Journal encompasses virological, immunological, epidemiological, modelling, pharmacological, pre-clinical and in vitro, as well as clinical, data including but not limited to drugs, immunotherapy and gene therapy. It is an important source of information on the development of vaccine programs and preventative measures aimed at virus eradication.
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