Impact of nitrogen doping on charge storage and self-discharge behaviour of zinc ion hybrid supercapacitor

IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Journal of Power Sources Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236686
Sayli Pradhan, Rupali Mane, Neetu Jha
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Abstract

Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) offer a compelling balance of high energy and power densities, safety, and cost-effectiveness, making them attractive for sustainable energy storage applications. However, the limited specific capacitance of conventional carbon cathodes restricts their compatibility with high-capacity Zn anodes, leading to suboptimal performance. Nitrogen doping in carbon materials emerges as a promising approach to address this limitation by enhancing electrochemical properties. In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon materials are synthesized using varying urea precursor concentrations to systematically evaluate their impact on specific capacitance, cycling stability, coulombic efficiency, and self-discharge behaviour. Optimized doping achieves a 2.4-fold improvement in specific capacitance (268 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and 97 % cycling retention, compared to undoped carbon (111 F g−1 at 1 A g−1). A detailed self-discharge analysis reveals significant suppression of leakage current (9.4-fold reduction) and an 18.3 % lower OCV decay over 300,000 s, attributed to higher pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen content. By deconvoluting ohmic, redistribution, and faradaic contributions, the role of nitrogen doping in mitigating self-discharge is clarified. These results underscore the potential of nitrogen-doped carbons to advance ZHSCs, paving the way for their implementation in high-performance and sustainable energy storage solutions.

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来源期刊
Journal of Power Sources
Journal of Power Sources 工程技术-电化学
CiteScore
16.40
自引率
6.50%
发文量
1249
审稿时长
36 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Power Sources is a publication catering to researchers and technologists interested in various aspects of the science, technology, and applications of electrochemical power sources. It covers original research and reviews on primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. Topics considered include the research, development and applications of nanomaterials and novel componentry for these devices. Examples of applications of these electrochemical power sources include: • Portable electronics • Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles • Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems • Storage of renewable energy • Satellites and deep space probes • Boats and ships, drones and aircrafts • Wearable energy storage systems
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