Comparison of diaphragmatic breathing relaxation training and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sleep quality in the elderly: a randomized clinical trial.
AliAkbar Kakuei, Ali Ravari, Tayebeh Mirzaei, Zahra Kamiab, Roya Bahrami
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effects of diaphragm breathing relaxation training and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sleep quality in the elderly.
Methods: In this three-arm randomized clinical trial, 99 older patients with a primary diagnosis of insomnia were randomly divided into two intervention groups (n = 33) and a control group (n = 33). The study design was a parallel group trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1. The CBT-I intervention was done in a group format for four weeks, consisting of two 60-min sessions per week. The diaphragmatic breathing intervention was trained in a group setting session and practiced individually for 30 min every night before sleep. The control group received no information about sleep or relaxation. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire before, four weeks, and eight weeks after the intervention.
Results: A total of 99 patients were randomized to the CBT-I intervention (n = 33), diaphragmatic breathing intervention (n = 33), or control arm (n = 33), with 74 patients providing final analysis data. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant decrease in sleep quality score (p < 0.001) from pre-test to post-test and one-month follow-ups. The greatest effect of both interventions in reducing the sleep quality score was during the first period of the study (four weeks after the intervention), and there was no significant reduction eight weeks after the intervention.
Conclusion: Diaphragmatic breathing and CBT-I interventions improved sleep quality indicators among older adults.
期刊介绍：
The journal Sleep and Breathing aims to reflect the state of the art in the international science and practice of sleep medicine. The journal is based on the recognition that management of sleep disorders requires a multi-disciplinary approach and diverse perspectives. The initial focus of Sleep and Breathing is on timely and original studies that collect, intervene, or otherwise inform all clinicians and scientists in medicine, dentistry and oral surgery, otolaryngology, and epidemiology on the management of the upper airway during sleep.
Furthermore, Sleep and Breathing endeavors to bring readers cutting edge information about all evolving aspects of common sleep disorders or disruptions, such as insomnia and shift work. The journal includes not only patient studies, but also studies that emphasize the principles of physiology and pathophysiology or illustrate potentially novel approaches to diagnosis and treatment. In addition, the journal features articles that describe patient-oriented and cost-benefit health outcomes research. Thus, with peer review by an international Editorial Board and prompt English-language publication, Sleep and Breathing provides rapid dissemination of clinical and clinically related scientific information. But it also does more: it is dedicated to making the most important developments in sleep disordered breathing easily accessible to clinicians who are treating sleep apnea by presenting well-chosen, well-written, and highly organized information that is useful for patient care.
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