The Corrosion Performance and Post-corrosion Wear Mechanisms of Fully Formulated Lubricants Introduced Varying Hydrogen

IF 3.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Tribology Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI:10.1007/s11249-025-01982-5

Xinbo Wang, Lili Jin, Hao Zhang, Ruifeng Xu, Yansong Liu, Oleksandr Stelmakh, Baigang Sun

{"title":"The Corrosion Performance and Post-corrosion Wear Mechanisms of Fully Formulated Lubricants Introduced Varying Hydrogen","authors":"Xinbo Wang, Lili Jin, Hao Zhang, Ruifeng Xu, Yansong Liu, Oleksandr Stelmakh, Baigang Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11249-025-01982-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen internal combustion engines are transitional power devices for cleaner and low-carbon energy in transportation. However, high-temperature engine lubricants are prone to contact with hydrogen and oxygen, flowing through metal components during operation. The corrosive properties of the lubricants containing these gases and their tribological performance after prolonged contact with gases and engine metal parts have yet to be studied. This paper investigates the corrosive properties of fully formulated lubricants contacted with steel and metal coupons with air and varying flow rates of hydrogen introduced, as well as the tribological performance of the post-corrosion lubricants. The results show that as the hydrogen flow rate increases from 0 to 12 lph, the weight loss rates of copper and lead coupons decrease by 74.4% and 79.7%. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry confirmed the reduction in oxygen content on the metal surfaces and the degradation of additives such as diphenylamine by hydrogen during corrosion. Compared to those without hydrogen, the friction coefficients of the lubricants after exposure to metal and steel coupons and 12 lph of hydrogen decreased by 50.4% and 46.6%. This significant improvement in lubrication performance is attributed to the reduced degradation of ZDDP and the formation of more zinc phosphate and zinc sulfide during friction in the hydrogen-introduced post-corrosion lubricants, compared to post-corrosion lubricants without hydrogen exposure. The research of corrosive and tribological performance characteristics can be applied to enhance the design of reliable engine tribo-pairs and improve the lubrication requirements of engine oil in hydrogen environments.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":806,"journal":{"name":"Tribology Letters","volume":"73 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Tribology Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11249-025-01982-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hydrogen internal combustion engines are transitional power devices for cleaner and low-carbon energy in transportation. However, high-temperature engine lubricants are prone to contact with hydrogen and oxygen, flowing through metal components during operation. The corrosive properties of the lubricants containing these gases and their tribological performance after prolonged contact with gases and engine metal parts have yet to be studied. This paper investigates the corrosive properties of fully formulated lubricants contacted with steel and metal coupons with air and varying flow rates of hydrogen introduced, as well as the tribological performance of the post-corrosion lubricants. The results show that as the hydrogen flow rate increases from 0 to 12 lph, the weight loss rates of copper and lead coupons decrease by 74.4% and 79.7%. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry confirmed the reduction in oxygen content on the metal surfaces and the degradation of additives such as diphenylamine by hydrogen during corrosion. Compared to those without hydrogen, the friction coefficients of the lubricants after exposure to metal and steel coupons and 12 lph of hydrogen decreased by 50.4% and 46.6%. This significant improvement in lubrication performance is attributed to the reduced degradation of ZDDP and the formation of more zinc phosphate and zinc sulfide during friction in the hydrogen-introduced post-corrosion lubricants, compared to post-corrosion lubricants without hydrogen exposure. The research of corrosive and tribological performance characteristics can be applied to enhance the design of reliable engine tribo-pairs and improve the lubrication requirements of engine oil in hydrogen environments.

Graphical Abstract

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

全配方润滑油的腐蚀性能和腐蚀后磨损机制引入了不同的氢

氢内燃机是实现交通运输清洁低碳能源的过渡动力装置。然而，高温发动机润滑油容易与氢和氧接触，在运行过程中流经金属部件。含这些气体的润滑油的腐蚀性能及其与气体和发动机金属部件长时间接触后的摩擦学性能还有待研究。本文研究了全配方润滑油在空气和不同氢气流量下与钢和金属试样接触的腐蚀性能，以及腐蚀后润滑油的摩擦学性能。结果表明：当氢流量从0 ~ 12 lph增加时，铜和铅的失重率分别降低了74.4%和79.7%；能量色散光谱和气相色谱-质谱分析证实了金属表面氧含量的减少，以及氢在腐蚀过程中对二苯胺等添加剂的降解。与未加氢的润滑油相比，金属、钢片和12 lph氢气对润滑油的摩擦系数分别降低了50.4%和46.6%。与不含氢的腐蚀后润滑油相比，加入氢的腐蚀后润滑油在摩擦过程中减少了ZDDP的降解，形成了更多的磷酸锌和硫化锌，从而显著提高了润滑性能。对腐蚀和摩擦学性能特性的研究可用于改进可靠的发动机摩擦副的设计，并改善氢环境下发动机油的润滑要求。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Tribology Letters 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

9.40%

发文量

116

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Tribology Letters is devoted to the development of the science of tribology and its applications, particularly focusing on publishing high-quality papers at the forefront of tribological science and that address the fundamentals of friction, lubrication, wear, or adhesion. The journal facilitates communication and exchange of seminal ideas among thousands of practitioners who are engaged worldwide in the pursuit of tribology-based science and technology.