Mechanically Adaptable High-Performance p(SBMA-MMA) Copolymer Hydrogel with Iron (II/III) Perchlorate for Wearable Thermocell Applications (Adv. Funct. Mater. 12/2025)

Abstract

Quasi-Solid State Thermocells

In article number 2412524, Taewoo Kim, Jei Gyeong Jeon, Tae June Kang, and co-workers present high-performance n-type quasi-solid state thermocells (QTECs) with a copolymer hydrogel that outperforms conventional p-type elements. This hydrogel contains hydrophilic zwitterionic SBMA for ion conduction and hydrophobic MMA for mechanical stability, resulting in a structure that is both ion conductive and durable. Immersion in iron (II/III) chloride electrolyte increases the softness of the hydrogel and optimizes QTEC performance. These hydrogels show great potential for practical applications in wearable devices, effectively harnessing body heat or powering sensors.