Lei Xu, Shiyan Xue, Xinwang Jia, Renke Liu, Longyang Wang, Li Tao, Jia Yao, Jun Zhang, Houzhao Wan, Yi Wang, Hao Wang
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), candidates for large-scale energy storage, face limitations due to the poor reversibility of zinc anodes. It reports on pyridine derivatives with high donor characteristics, including 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (CMPI) and pyridine-2-acetaldoxime methyl iodide (PAMI), as effective additives. At lower concentrations, these additives markedly curtail the zinc dendrites formation and the evolution of hydrogen on the zinc anode, thereby prolonging the AZIBs life. Through a combination of theory and experiments, the impact of side-chain groups on the kinetic process of zinc depositioni is elucidated. In contrast to PAM+, CMPI+ demonstrates enhanced adsorption and self-assembles at the anode-electrolyte interface, forming a barrier to free water and a protective ZnI layer via I− ion integration. This dual-layer strategy boosts zinc plating/stripping reversibility by 100-fold and achieves a coulombic efficiency of 99.7% in zinc–copper half- batteries. The findings advance the understanding of electrolyte additive structures on zinc deposition, providing a molecular framework for screening additives in aqueous metal-ion batteries.
{"title":"Branch Chain Variations Modulate Pyridine Derivative Adsorption for Long-Life Zinc-Ion Battery","authors":"Lei Xu, Shiyan Xue, Xinwang Jia, Renke Liu, Longyang Wang, Li Tao, Jia Yao, Jun Zhang, Houzhao Wan, Yi Wang, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202425372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425372","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), candidates for large-scale energy storage, face limitations due to the poor reversibility of zinc anodes. It reports on pyridine derivatives with high donor characteristics, including 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (CMPI) and pyridine-2-acetaldoxime methyl iodide (PAMI), as effective additives. At lower concentrations, these additives markedly curtail the zinc dendrites formation and the evolution of hydrogen on the zinc anode, thereby prolonging the AZIBs life. Through a combination of theory and experiments, the impact of side-chain groups on the kinetic process of zinc depositioni is elucidated. In contrast to PAM<sup>+</sup>, CMPI<sup>+</sup> demonstrates enhanced adsorption and self-assembles at the anode-electrolyte interface, forming a barrier to free water and a protective ZnI layer via I<sup>−</sup> ion integration. This dual-layer strategy boosts zinc plating/stripping reversibility by 100-fold and achieves a coulombic efficiency of 99.7% in zinc–copper half- batteries. The findings advance the understanding of electrolyte additive structures on zinc deposition, providing a molecular framework for screening additives in aqueous metal-ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yinying Long, Xingye An, Yiluo Yang, Jian Yang, Liqin Liu, Xin Tong, Xiongli Liu, Hongbin Liu, Yonghao Ni
Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) are emerging for high-efficiency energy storage. However, single-layer cathode materials often suffer from low-charge storage kinetics. Herein, an innovative gradient porous carbon superstructure with enhanced charge storage kinetics is developed, achieved by designing a concentration gradient carbon superstructure to facilitate rapid, directional ion transport and efficient ion storage. The gradient pore design with optimized micropore sizes (0.88 to 0.96 nm) and mesopore size (≈4 nm) enhances the hydrated zinc ion ([Zn(H2O)6]2+) diffusion, facilitating efficient desolvation and Zn2+ ion storage. Furthermore, N/O co-doping provides pseudo-capacitance by lowering the energy barrier for C-O-Zn bond formation, increasing the defect density and conductivity of the carbon material. Further graphitization improves conductivity and wettability, while a high specific surface area (SSA) offers abundant active sites. ZHSCs fabricated with this gradient porous carbon superstructure exhibit a remarkably high energy density of 101.8 Wh kg−1 at a substantial power density of 503.6 W kg−1, outperforming the reported benchmark materials. The exceptional charge–discharge cycling stability is also demonstrated over 10 000 cycles. This work presents an effective strategy for enhancing charge storage kinetics in supercapacitors.
{"title":"Gradient Porous Carbon Superstructures for High-efficiency Charge Storage Kinetics","authors":"Yinying Long, Xingye An, Yiluo Yang, Jian Yang, Liqin Liu, Xin Tong, Xiongli Liu, Hongbin Liu, Yonghao Ni","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202424551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202424551","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) are emerging for high-efficiency energy storage. However, single-layer cathode materials often suffer from low-charge storage kinetics. Herein, an innovative gradient porous carbon superstructure with enhanced charge storage kinetics is developed, achieved by designing a concentration gradient carbon superstructure to facilitate rapid, directional ion transport and efficient ion storage. The gradient pore design with optimized micropore sizes (0.88 to 0.96 nm) and mesopore size (≈4 nm) enhances the hydrated zinc ion ([Zn(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2+</sup>) diffusion, facilitating efficient desolvation and Zn<sup>2+</sup> ion storage. Furthermore, N/O co-doping provides pseudo-capacitance by lowering the energy barrier for C-O-Zn bond formation, increasing the defect density and conductivity of the carbon material. Further graphitization improves conductivity and wettability, while a high specific surface area (SSA) offers abundant active sites. ZHSCs fabricated with this gradient porous carbon superstructure exhibit a remarkably high energy density of 101.8 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a substantial power density of 503.6 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, outperforming the reported benchmark materials. The exceptional charge–discharge cycling stability is also demonstrated over 10 000 cycles. This work presents an effective strategy for enhancing charge storage kinetics in supercapacitors.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In fetal patients with intestinal atresia, surgical resection often leads to short bowel syndrome, necessitating organ transplantation. Owing to a shortage of organ donors, alternatives such as 3D-bioprinted artificial intestines are receiving increased interest. However, the fabrication of transplantable artificial intestines integrating tri-cultures of viable functional cells remains challenging. This study introduces an innovative method for fabricating a tri-cultured tubular mesh intestine (TTMI) integrating myofibroblasts, endothelial, and epithelial cells. Low-concentration gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) bioink is employed to improve cell viability, and a dual cooling module is incorporated to cool both the GelMA and the printing area for improve printability. To improve the mechanical properties of the TTMI for transplant and tubular stability, a multi-head four-axis bioprinter is used to apply bioinks and polycaprolactone (PCL). The final four-layered TTMI comprises three bioinks and PCL; the two middle layers are printed with a tubular mesh to enable cell-to-cell interactions. This technology can be used to fabricate intestines as well as other tubular organs consisting of different cells, ultimately enhancing the availability of functional tissues for transplantation therapy.
{"title":"Hybrid 3D-Printed Tri-Cultured Intestine with Tubular Mesh Structure","authors":"Seunghun Son, Bo-Yeon Lee, Hosub Lim, Haejin Choi, Cho-Rok Jung, Jung Hwa Lim, Seok-jo Yang, Junhee Lee","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202424495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202424495","url":null,"abstract":"In fetal patients with intestinal atresia, surgical resection often leads to short bowel syndrome, necessitating organ transplantation. Owing to a shortage of organ donors, alternatives such as 3D-bioprinted artificial intestines are receiving increased interest. However, the fabrication of transplantable artificial intestines integrating tri-cultures of viable functional cells remains challenging. This study introduces an innovative method for fabricating a tri-cultured tubular mesh intestine (TTMI) integrating myofibroblasts, endothelial, and epithelial cells. Low-concentration gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) bioink is employed to improve cell viability, and a dual cooling module is incorporated to cool both the GelMA and the printing area for improve printability. To improve the mechanical properties of the TTMI for transplant and tubular stability, a multi-head four-axis bioprinter is used to apply bioinks and polycaprolactone (PCL). The final four-layered TTMI comprises three bioinks and PCL; the two middle layers are printed with a tubular mesh to enable cell-to-cell interactions. This technology can be used to fabricate intestines as well as other tubular organs consisting of different cells, ultimately enhancing the availability of functional tissues for transplantation therapy.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianglun Xie, Xinkang Wang, Jiafeng Zhang, Lianjie Zhang, Yuejia Dou, Kai Zhang, Fei Huang, Jin-Dou Wang, Jun Wang, Junwu Chen
The photostability of organic solar cells (OSCs) is extremely crucial to their commercial application. Herein, double-layered anode interface layer (DL-AIL) with ultraviolet (UV) absorber BP2 is constructed by layer-by-layer processing to simultaneously improve power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and photostability of OSCs. The DL-AIL exhibits good UV absorbance and photon utilization due to the effective Förster energy transfer from BP2 to polymer donor. High electric conductivity, optimal work function, and improved surface roughness can be obtained as well. The DL-AIL based devices also achieve higher PCEs with excellent thickness insensitivity, attributed to the remarkable increase on electric conductivity of DL-AIL and reduced transport resistance. More intriguingly, even under irradiation in air by xenon lamp with UV band, an extrapolated T80 lifetime of the device based on DL-AIL with 85 nm thick can reach 1306 h, which is approximately 54 times of that of PEDOT:PSS based device. Furthermore, the degradation mechanism of OSCs with different AIL is revealed by transient charge extraction, capacitance-voltage and capacitance-frequency. The incorporation of BP2 layer delivers improved charge carrier density and constrained deep trap in the aged devices. Consequently, this new finding demonstrates that the DL-AIL strategy can promote the efficiency and long-term stability of OSCs.
{"title":"Thickness Insensitive UV Blocking Layer Meliorating Carrier Extraction and Deep Trap towards Stable Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Xianglun Xie, Xinkang Wang, Jiafeng Zhang, Lianjie Zhang, Yuejia Dou, Kai Zhang, Fei Huang, Jin-Dou Wang, Jun Wang, Junwu Chen","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202420940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202420940","url":null,"abstract":"The photostability of organic solar cells (OSCs) is extremely crucial to their commercial application. Herein, double-layered anode interface layer (DL-AIL) with ultraviolet (UV) absorber BP2 is constructed by layer-by-layer processing to simultaneously improve power-conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and photostability of OSCs. The DL-AIL exhibits good UV absorbance and photon utilization due to the effective Förster energy transfer from BP2 to polymer donor. High electric conductivity, optimal work function, and improved surface roughness can be obtained as well. The DL-AIL based devices also achieve higher PCEs with excellent thickness insensitivity, attributed to the remarkable increase on electric conductivity of DL-AIL and reduced transport resistance. More intriguingly, even under irradiation in air by xenon lamp with UV band, an extrapolated <i>T</i><sub>80</sub> lifetime of the device based on DL-AIL with 85 nm thick can reach 1306 h, which is approximately 54 times of that of PEDOT:PSS based device. Furthermore, the degradation mechanism of OSCs with different AIL is revealed by transient charge extraction, capacitance-voltage and capacitance-frequency. The incorporation of BP2 layer delivers improved charge carrier density and constrained deep trap in the aged devices. Consequently, this new finding demonstrates that the DL-AIL strategy can promote the efficiency and long-term stability of OSCs.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular bridges with one end absorbed on the electron transport layer (ETL) and the other bound to perovskite can effectively repair imperfections at the ETL/perovskite interface. However, single-layered bridges usually coexist with undesired double-layered molecules, leaving a Van der Waals gap between them. Charge transport can only occur via the tunneling effect to travel through the gap, which requires a forward voltage bias and leads to a constrained charge transport efficiency. Herein, the study designs and synthesizes an imidazolium derivative ionic salt of 1,3-dibenzyl-2-phenylimidazolium chloride (DPhImCl), featuring multiple aromatic side chains, to form bilayered interfacial molecular bridges mediated by π–π stacking. The study reveals that DPhIm+ strongly adsorbs on both the SnO2 and perovskite surfaces via the imidazolium ring, while the two layers of DPhIm+ absorbed on SnO2 and perovskite respectively interact through π–π stacking of the benzene ring in side chains, forming bilayered molecular bridge at the SnO2/perovskite interface. This π–π interaction promotes the orderly stacking of molecular layers and creates hopping channels for electron transport, thus facilitating the interfacial charge transfer efficiency. As a result, an impressive device efficiency of 25.90% (certified 25.27%) and a robust T90 operational lifetime of 1101 h for n-i-p perovskite solar cells achieved.
{"title":"Bilayered Molecular Bridge Mediated by π–π Stacking for Improved Interfacial Charge Transport in Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Lingfang Zheng, Xiaoyan Luo, Xiaguang Zhang, Yu Huang, Lina Shen, Fangyao Li, Jinxin Yang, Chengbo Tian, Liqiang Xie, Zhanhua Wei","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202424464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202424464","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular bridges with one end absorbed on the electron transport layer (ETL) and the other bound to perovskite can effectively repair imperfections at the ETL/perovskite interface. However, single-layered bridges usually coexist with undesired double-layered molecules, leaving a Van der Waals gap between them. Charge transport can only occur via the tunneling effect to travel through the gap, which requires a forward voltage bias and leads to a constrained charge transport efficiency. Herein, the study designs and synthesizes an imidazolium derivative ionic salt of 1,3-dibenzyl-2-phenylimidazolium chloride (DPhImCl), featuring multiple aromatic side chains, to form bilayered interfacial molecular bridges mediated by π–π stacking. The study reveals that DPhIm<sup>+</sup> strongly adsorbs on both the SnO<sub>2</sub> and perovskite surfaces via the imidazolium ring, while the two layers of DPhIm<sup>+</sup> absorbed on SnO<sub>2</sub> and perovskite respectively interact through π–π stacking of the benzene ring in side chains, forming bilayered molecular bridge at the SnO<sub>2</sub>/perovskite interface. This π–π interaction promotes the orderly stacking of molecular layers and creates hopping channels for electron transport, thus facilitating the interfacial charge transfer efficiency. As a result, an impressive device efficiency of 25.90% (certified 25.27%) and a robust <i>T</i><sub>90</sub> operational lifetime of 1101 h for n-i-p perovskite solar cells achieved.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingbing Xia, Cheng-Lin Ko, Emily R. Cooper, Qinfen Gu, Ruth Knibbe, Jeffrey R. Harmer
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a promising technology for advanced energy storage systems. Hard carbon (HC) is a commonly used SIB anode material; however, the Na ion storage mechanism in HC remains poorly understood and highly debated. Here, the paramagnetic species in HC during Na ion storage are systematically studied to elucidate the underlying mechanism at an electronic level using high-resolution electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, complemented by in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. This investigation identifies and characterizes the coexistence of two distinct intercalation processes in HC: Na ion intercalation and Na+-solvent co-intercalation, which are active across both the sloping and plateau voltage regions. Additionally, in the sloping region, Na ions are also stored at in-plane Stone-Wales defect sites, which transition into a quasi-metallic state and subsequently to metallic Na as Na ion intercalation progresses. This transformation is driven by charge redistribution within the graphene layers. These insights establish a direct paramagnetic-electronic structure-electrochemical property relationship in HC, providing new insights into the Na ion storage mechanism. Furthermore, this study highlights the unique capability of EPR spectroscopy in elucidating the charge storage mechanism in electrode materials.
{"title":"Elucidating Sodium Ion Storage Mechanisms in Hard Carbon Anodes at the Electronic Level","authors":"Qingbing Xia, Cheng-Lin Ko, Emily R. Cooper, Qinfen Gu, Ruth Knibbe, Jeffrey R. Harmer","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202421976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421976","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a promising technology for advanced energy storage systems. Hard carbon (HC) is a commonly used SIB anode material; however, the Na ion storage mechanism in HC remains poorly understood and highly debated. Here, the paramagnetic species in HC during Na ion storage are systematically studied to elucidate the underlying mechanism at an electronic level using high-resolution electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, complemented by in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. This investigation identifies and characterizes the coexistence of two distinct intercalation processes in HC: Na ion intercalation and Na<sup>+</sup>-solvent co-intercalation, which are active across both the sloping and plateau voltage regions. Additionally, in the sloping region, Na ions are also stored at in-plane Stone-Wales defect sites, which transition into a quasi-metallic state and subsequently to metallic Na as Na ion intercalation progresses. This transformation is driven by charge redistribution within the graphene layers. These insights establish a direct paramagnetic-electronic structure-electrochemical property relationship in HC, providing new insights into the Na ion storage mechanism. Furthermore, this study highlights the unique capability of EPR spectroscopy in elucidating the charge storage mechanism in electrode materials.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laigang Hu, Mengxue Zhang, Weiwei Wang, Jinru Hu, Wenhao Wu, Daohui Lin, Kun Yang
Developing large pore volume mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a reliable strategy for adsorbing high-concentration benzene in the event of accidental leakage. Herein, a novel mesoporous Al-based MOF, named ZJU-928(Al), is synthesized using biphenyl-3,4′,5-tricarboxylic acid ligands and low toxic AlO6 cluster. It has larger pore volume (1.05 cm3 g−1), order hexagonal channel (32.10 Å), and higher specific surface area (2344 m2 g−1). As relative pressure up to 0.10, benzene adsorption of ZJU-928(Al) rises to 9.99 mmol g−1, exhibiting an excellent saturation benzene adsorption of 11.37 mmol g−1 at 298 K. The isosteric heat of adsorption for benzene on ZJU-928(Al) is only 24.52 kJ mol−1 at near-zero loading, lower than that of most reported MOFs, allowing for lower energy consumption during ZJU-928(Al) regeneration. ZJU-928(Al) has excellent cyclical benzene adsorption-desorption performance, and highest benzene diffusivity coefficient (2.65 × 10−5 cm2 s−1). Simulation shows that the excellent saturation benzene adsorption performance of ZJU-928(Al) can be attributed to the larger pore volume accommodating more benzene molecules. Consequently, this research synthesizes a novel mesoporous Al-based MOF with excellent saturation benzene adsorption, highlighting the potential of MOFs for high-concentration toxic gas adsorption.
{"title":"A Novel Mesoporous Aluminum-Based MOF with Large Pore Volume for High Concentration Benzene Adsorption","authors":"Laigang Hu, Mengxue Zhang, Weiwei Wang, Jinru Hu, Wenhao Wu, Daohui Lin, Kun Yang","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202425429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202425429","url":null,"abstract":"Developing large pore volume mesoporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a reliable strategy for adsorbing high-concentration benzene in the event of accidental leakage. Herein, a novel mesoporous Al-based MOF, named ZJU-928(Al), is synthesized using biphenyl-3,4′,5-tricarboxylic acid ligands and low toxic AlO<sub>6</sub> cluster. It has larger pore volume (1.05 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>), order hexagonal channel (32.10 Å), and higher specific surface area (2344 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>). As relative pressure up to 0.10, benzene adsorption of ZJU-928(Al) rises to 9.99 mmol g<sup>−1</sup>, exhibiting an excellent saturation benzene adsorption of 11.37 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> at 298 K. The isosteric heat of adsorption for benzene on ZJU-928(Al) is only 24.52 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> at near-zero loading, lower than that of most reported MOFs, allowing for lower energy consumption during ZJU-928(Al) regeneration. ZJU-928(Al) has excellent cyclical benzene adsorption-desorption performance, and highest benzene diffusivity coefficient (2.65 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>). Simulation shows that the excellent saturation benzene adsorption performance of ZJU-928(Al) can be attributed to the larger pore volume accommodating more benzene molecules. Consequently, this research synthesizes a novel mesoporous Al-based MOF with excellent saturation benzene adsorption, highlighting the potential of MOFs for high-concentration toxic gas adsorption.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuning Zhang, Feixiang Tang, Bo Sun, Xingyue Liu, Guanglan Liao, Weihua Li, Sheng Liu
Perovskite-based image sensors are widely explored and recognized as the technology of choice for future optoelectronics. Suffering from the incompatibility between perovskite and conventional lithography technology, the challenges of developing high-resolution image sensors come from how to pattern the perovskite film with high precision and integrate it with pixel circuits. Recently, a four-mask technique for manufacturing perovskite-on-silicon sensor arrays, which are composed of a pixeled perovskite film and a planar crossbar circuit is demonstrated. Patterning precision for perovskite films attained 2 µm, ranking top among the previous research. The circuit is also proven to have the highest level of integration, theoretically. A proof-of-concept image sensor showing the first demonstration of monolithic integration of patterned perovskite film with the bottom pixel circuit is successfully made public. Electro-optical performance of its pixels is further characterized and showed high uniformity, benefitting the image sensor in capturing the input light distribution with good spatial resolution. This work has thus set a milestone for perovskite-based image sensors and showed the potential of perovskites in micro-nanoelectronics.
{"title":"Four-Mask Technique for Manufacturing the Perovskite-on-Silicon Sensor Array for Ultraviolet Light Imaging","authors":"Xuning Zhang, Feixiang Tang, Bo Sun, Xingyue Liu, Guanglan Liao, Weihua Li, Sheng Liu","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423281","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite-based image sensors are widely explored and recognized as the technology of choice for future optoelectronics. Suffering from the incompatibility between perovskite and conventional lithography technology, the challenges of developing high-resolution image sensors come from how to pattern the perovskite film with high precision and integrate it with pixel circuits. Recently, a four-mask technique for manufacturing perovskite-on-silicon sensor arrays, which are composed of a pixeled perovskite film and a planar crossbar circuit is demonstrated. Patterning precision for perovskite films attained 2 µm, ranking top among the previous research. The circuit is also proven to have the highest level of integration, theoretically. A proof-of-concept image sensor showing the first demonstration of monolithic integration of patterned perovskite film with the bottom pixel circuit is successfully made public. Electro-optical performance of its pixels is further characterized and showed high uniformity, benefitting the image sensor in capturing the input light distribution with good spatial resolution. This work has thus set a milestone for perovskite-based image sensors and showed the potential of perovskites in micro-nanoelectronics.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Designing highly stable anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is of vital importance for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, the study presents that elevating current density and reducing relative humidity can dramatically lower local hydration number (λ) of the cathode in AEMFCs and therefore result in the rapid degradation of AEMs. To address this issue, a water-retention strategy has been proposed to alleviate the hydroxide attack. The crosslinked poly (aryl N-silanylmethyl-piperidinium) (Si-TP-100-x) AEMs are prepared to increase the amount of bound water on cations by introducing hydrophilic Si─O bonds, and thus improving the alkali stability under low λ conditions. The Si-TP-100-4 exhibits improved ex-situ stability than the benchmark AEM in 2 m KOH-MeOH solution (λ = 4) at 80 °C. The in situ cell tests demonstrate that the AEMFC with Si-TP-100-4 can achieve a high peak power density of 1.32 W cm−2 and simultaneously offer lower voltage decay rate than the controlled experiment at 1000 mA cm−2 at 95 °C. The post-mortem analysis of membrane-electrode assembly further reveals that membrane and ionomer in cathode concurrently suffer from a significant degradation. This work provides an avenue for developing highly stable anion exchange polymers from the perspective of cation hydration.
{"title":"Improving Alkali Stability of Anion Exchange Membrane by a Super Water-Retention Strategy","authors":"Zhiwei Ren, Yun Zhao, Yangkai Han, Tao Wei, Jiaqi Sun, Zhilin Jiao, Xinyi Liu, Haitao Zhang, Zhigang Shao","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202423460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423460","url":null,"abstract":"Designing highly stable anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is of vital importance for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, the study presents that elevating current density and reducing relative humidity can dramatically lower local hydration number (λ) of the cathode in AEMFCs and therefore result in the rapid degradation of AEMs. To address this issue, a water-retention strategy has been proposed to alleviate the hydroxide attack. The crosslinked poly (aryl N-silanylmethyl-piperidinium) (Si-TP-100-x) AEMs are prepared to increase the amount of bound water on cations by introducing hydrophilic Si─O bonds, and thus improving the alkali stability under low λ conditions. The Si-TP-100-4 exhibits improved ex-situ stability than the benchmark AEM in 2 <span>m</span> KOH-MeOH solution (λ = 4) at 80 °C. The in situ cell tests demonstrate that the AEMFC with Si-TP-100-4 can achieve a high peak power density of 1.32 W cm<sup>−2</sup> and simultaneously offer lower voltage decay rate than the controlled experiment at 1000 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> at 95 °C. The post-mortem analysis of membrane-electrode assembly further reveals that membrane and ionomer in cathode concurrently suffer from a significant degradation. This work provides an avenue for developing highly stable anion exchange polymers from the perspective of cation hydration.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2D MXenes are a rapidly expanding class of 2D materials with a broad spectrum of electrochemical applications, particularly in the electrochemical energy storage area. Concurrently, 3D and 4D printing techniques have garnered significant research attention offering customized designs, rapid prototyping, and cost-effective scalable production. Integrating MXene into the 3D/4D printed structures offers a promising path for the development of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices, with the combination of outstanding properties of MXene and the versatility of printing technology. The present article provides a comprehensive report on MXene printing technologies, focusing on their rheological characteristics, surface chemistry, ink formulation, stability, and storage. Different printing techniques, including 3D/4D printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, and continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) methods—are discussed in the context of MXene integration. Additionally, the application of printed MXene materials in electrochemical energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries, is explored along with future directions in evolving fields.
{"title":"MXene 3D/4D Printing: Ink Formulation and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications","authors":"Shaista Nouseen, Martin Pumera","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202421987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202421987","url":null,"abstract":"2D MXenes are a rapidly expanding class of 2D materials with a broad spectrum of electrochemical applications, particularly in the electrochemical energy storage area. Concurrently, 3D and 4D printing techniques have garnered significant research attention offering customized designs, rapid prototyping, and cost-effective scalable production. Integrating MXene into the 3D/4D printed structures offers a promising path for the development of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices, with the combination of outstanding properties of MXene and the versatility of printing technology. The present article provides a comprehensive report on MXene printing technologies, focusing on their rheological characteristics, surface chemistry, ink formulation, stability, and storage. Different printing techniques, including 3D/4D printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, and continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) methods—are discussed in the context of MXene integration. Additionally, the application of printed MXene materials in electrochemical energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries, is explored along with future directions in evolving fields.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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