Development of the COMPASS model of endometriosis: A COmprehensive model of pain encompassing agency, systemic factors and sense making

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL British Journal of Health Psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1111/bjhp.12794

Brydee Pickup, Louise Sharpe, Jemma Todd

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Endometriosis is a chronic and progressive condition commonly associated with debilitating pain. Treatments for endometriosis pain are limited and usually invasive. Psychological interventions are a non-invasive intervention option and have proven benefits in chronic pain. Yet, psychological interventions for endometriosis pain are scant and of limited efficacy, which may be due to gaps in our understanding of endometriosis pain experiences. We sought to expand current understandings of endometriosis pain by investigating the factors that exacerbate and alleviate pain-related impact and distress, despite similar levels of pain severity.

Design

A mixed-methods approach was used, comprising quantitative pain data, qualitative interviews, and qualitative analysis of open-ended survey responses.

Methods

A total of 873 participants answered an online survey including pain outcomes. Sixteen participants were then purposively sampled for interview, in an iterative manner, in line with grounded theory until theoretical saturation was reached. Analysis of interview data resulted in a novel model of endometriosis pain. The model was cross-validated and refined using content analysis of 841 open-ended online survey responses regarding wider system priorities for endometriosis care.

Results

Our COMPASS model suggested that experiences of endometriosis-related pain and associated distress and impact were shaped by a dynamic interaction between the challenges of the gendered nature of pain, invalidation, distrust in the healthcare system, agency, sense-making, and burden. These experiences were situated within broader systemic factors of difficulty accessing care, the limitations of available treatments, and a lack of financial support.

Conclusions

Our findings present a novel model of endometriosis pain. This model provides several psychosocial treatment targets that could inform future psychological and multidisciplinary interventions for endometriosis pain. Empirical validation of the model is an avenue for future research.

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来源期刊

British Journal of Health Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

1.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The focus of the British Journal of Health Psychology is to publish original research on various aspects of psychology that are related to health, health-related behavior, and illness throughout a person's life. The journal specifically seeks articles that are based on health psychology theory or discuss theoretical matters within the field.