Synthesis and characterization of P-doped g-C3N4/CuBi2O4 as a new heterogeneous nanocomposite for photocatalytic reduction of nitroaromatic compounds

Abstract

In this research, the carbon substrate of graphitic carbon nitride was synthesized by polymerization route, and at the same time phosphorus element was successfully doped in its structure. Then CuBi₂O₄ nanoparticles were coupled and decorated on the layers of g-C₃N₄. Morphology, structural properties, and photocatalytic activity of the new heterogeneous nanocomposites (P-doped g-C₃N₄/CuBi₂O₄) were identified and evaluated using different and suitable spectroscopic and imaging methods. The synthesized nanocomposites were used as photocatalysts in the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds, which had high photocatalytic activity so that the conversion of nitrobenzene to aminobenzene (aniline) had a 100 % yield within 60 min. In the above reactions, hydrazine monohydrate was used as a hydrogen supplier. P-doped g-C₃N₄/CuBi₂O₄ photocatalyst had high recyclability and reusability. So after seven reuses, no measurable change was observed in the amount of nanocomposite and the rate of reaction efficiency.