AquaNutriOpt II: A multi-period bi-objective nutrient optimization python tool for controlling harmful algal blooms — A case study of Lake Okeechobee

Abstract

We introduce a significantly enhanced version of AquaNutriOpt, now equipped with advanced mathematical optimization capabilities absent in its initial release (Khanal et al., 2024). AquaNutriOpt II is a user-friendly, free, open-source Python tool designed to address the complex challenge of optimizing nutrient management for controlling harmful algal blooms. In this latest version, users gain the flexibility to incorporate multiple time periods into their analyses. Moreover, they can now optimize the management of two nutrients concurrently (primarily phosphorus and nitrogen) through an innovative multi-objective optimization framework. Building upon its predecessor, AquaNutriOpt II continues to streamline the identification of optimal Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Treatment Technologies (TTs), including determining the most suitable locations for implementation while considering budgetary constraints. To showcase the efficacy and advantages of AquaNutriOpt II, we apply it to a real-world case study centered on Lake Okeechobee in Florida, USA.