Exploring Mechanisms of Lang Qing Ata in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Based on Metabolomics, Network Pharmacological Analysis, and Experimental Validation.

Abstract

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), as a progressive form of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), poses a significant threat to human health as a prevalent and common condition, with a lack of safe and effective therapeutic options. However, the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of Lang Qing Ata (LQAtta) against NASH remain elusive.

Materials and methods: The components of LQAtta were identified using Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Subsequently, we employed network construction and analysis approaches within the field of network pharmacology. By integrating known databases and target prediction algorithms, which encompassed database-based target prediction, protein-protein interaction networks, as well as Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, we unveiled the potential key targets and signaling pathways that these bioactive components might engage with. These discoveries were further validated in subsequent mouse models. An HFHC-induced NASH mouse model was used to validate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of LQAtta on NASH.

Results: From the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of LQAtta, a total of 1518 chemical components were identified, with 106 of them being absorbed into the bloodstream. Additionally, based on the acquisition of targets from both LQAtta and the NASH database, a total of 160 common targets were screened. KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that LQAtta may alleviate NASH by modulating pathways such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the NF-κB signaling pathway, and inflammation-related pathways. In vivo experimental results demonstrated that LQAtta could alleviate liver injury, steatosis, and inflammation induced by NASH, thereby slowing down the disease process. Additionally, LQAtta inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB protein, playing a role in preventing NASH.

Conclusion: In this study, the combination of mass spectrometry analysis, network pharmacology, and animal experiments preliminarily elucidated the potential of LQAtta to treat NASH through NF-κB pathways.